Le Premier Livre, by Albert A. Méras, a Project Gutenberg eBook

This book is an elementary book intended to cover all the work of the first half year. It is a grammar and a reader combined.

The aim of the authors is to put in the hands of the beginner, from the very first lesson, natural, practical, and interesting French. The story about which this book is built is Hector Malot's Sans Famille. On this story the grammar, conversation, and composition are based.

The book is divided into sixty lessons. Under ordinary conditions one lesson may be given as a daily assignment. Since there are, however, an average of ninety recitations in the half-year term, this will allow a division of the more difficult lessons into two parts.

The "Étude de mots" at the beginning of each lesson is not intended to cover all the new words in the lesson. This little vocabulary only emphasizes important words and should be used for drills in sentence-building.

Each chapter of the story may easily be made the subject of extended conversation; the five questions are only[6] suggestions. The division of the story into short chapters offers excellent opportunities for oral reproduction. It is expected that at the beginning the student will find constructions that he will not thoroughly understand. This must necessarily be so where the aim is to present, from the very start, a connected text. These difficulties will gradually disappear as the work progresses.

The "Grammaire" covers the most essential points in elementary French. These points are developed entirely in the French language, by means of model sentences, brief statements of grammatical principles, or helpful comments on noun or verb paradigms. Drills are offered in the Compositions and Review Lessons.

The "Leçon Supplémentaire" on the construction of interrogative sentences does not include a text, and may therefore be introduced sooner if the teacher deems it advisable.

The authors wish to express their thanks to Miss Suzanne Roth for her valuable help in the reading of manuscript and proofs.

TABLE DES MATIÈRES

PRONUNCIATION

Alphabet

Orthographic Signs

Syllables

Stress

All French syllables, except those ending with a mute e, are pronounced with equal stress, but the voice rests on the last syllable giving it a slight emphasis. If the last syllable contains a mute e, the emphasis falls on the preceding syllable: im|par|fait, a|bon|dant, a|bon|dan|te, tu de|man|des, ils de|man|dent.

Simple Vowel Sounds

Nasal Sounds

The nasal sound is the sound of a vowel followed by n or m. However, the n or m is not to be pronounced. The nasal sound has no exact equivalent in English.

Compound Vowel Sounds

Consonant Sounds

Elision

In the words le, la, je, me, te, se, ce, ne, de, que (and other conjunctions ending in que), si (before il, ils), the final vowel is dropped before a word beginning with a vowel or a silent h and is replaced by an apostrophe: l'enfant, l'homme, j'ai, c'est, qu'il, puisqu'ils, s'il. This is called elision.

Liaison

The liaison is the union of two words by pronouncing the last consonant of one with the initial vowel of the other: les enfants, vous avez.

The liaison is made only between words which are closely connected in thought.

In making the liaison, the final d is pronounced like t, the final f like v, and the final s and x like z: grand homme, neuf enfants, les amis, deux amis.

Punctuation Marks

PREMIÈRE LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. Remi

Remi est un enfant de dix ans. Il demeure dans une petite maison avec une bonne femme. Le nom de la femme est mère Barberin. Mère Barberin est mariée. Le mari, Jérôme Barberin, est à Paris.

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

Mother Barberin is a good woman. She lives in a little house with a child. The child is Remi. They are French. The father lives in Paris.

DEUXIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. Mère Barberin

Mère Barberin n'est pas la mère de l'enfant; elle est sa nourrice. Jérôme Barberin, qui est maintenant à Paris, n'est pas le père de l'enfant. Où sont donc les parents de Remi? Mère Barberin est bonne pour Remi; Jérôme Barberin est méchant.

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

The parents are in France. They are not with Remi now. The child is not with Jerome in Paris; he is with his nurse. The name of the good woman, who lives with the child, is Mother Barberin. Remi is not bad.

TROISIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. La maison

Mère Barberin est pauvre, mais elle a une maison dans un village du centre de la France. Le nom de ce village est Chavanon. La maison n'est pas grande; elle a seulement une porte et deux fenêtres. Le jardin, qui est derrière la maison, a des légumes en quantité suffisante pour nourrir la femme et le petit garçon.

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

I am not a bad boy, but I am poor. I have a good nurse and a good mother. The house is in a little village in France. The house is small and has only two windows. In the garden, behind the little house, we have some vegetables.

QUATRIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. La Famille

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

We have only a little money, but we have a cow. The cow gives a few liters of milk. A little boy looks after the vegetables. He minds the cow also every day. The man who arrives from Paris brings the bad news. The little family is now unhappy.

CINQUIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. La mauvaise nouvelle

INDICATIF PRÉSENT
Être, to be
Singulier	{	je suis Français, I am French. tu es Français, thou art French. il est Français, he is French. elle est Française, she is French.
Pluriel	{	nous sommes Français, we are French. vous êtes Français, you are French. ils sont Français, they are French (m.). elles sont Françaises, they are French (f.).

FORME NÉGATIVE
Singulier	{	je ne suis pas en France, I am not in France. tu n'es pas en France, thou art not in France. il n'est pas en France, he is not in France. elle n'est pas en France, she is not in France.
Pluriel	{	nous ne sommes pas en France, we are not in France. vous n'êtes pas en France, you are not in France. ils ne sont pas en France, they are not in France. elles ne sont pas en France, they are not in France.

INDICATIF PRÉSENT
Avoir, to have
(Forme affirmative)
Singulier	{	j'ai deux maisons, I have two houses. tu as deux maisons, thou hast two houses. il a deux maisons, he has two houses. elle a deux maisons, she has two houses.
Pluriel[21]	{	nous avons deux maisons, we have two houses. vous avez deux maisons, you have two houses. ils ont deux maisons, they have two houses. elles ont deux maisons, they have two houses.
(Forme négative)
Singulier	{	je n'ai pas deux maisons, I have not two houses. tu n'as pas deux maisons, thou hast not two houses. il n'a pas deux maisons, he has not two houses. elle n'a pas deux maisons, she has not two houses.
Pluriel	{	nous n'avons pas deux maisons, we have not two houses. vous n'avez pas deux maisons, you have not two houses. ils n'ont pas deux maisons, they have not two houses. elles n'ont pas deux maisons, they have not two houses.

L'homme, qui arrive de Paris, est un ami de Jérôme. Il annonce à mère Barberin que son mari a été sérieusement[24] blessé dans un accident. Jérôme a été transporté à l'hôpital par ses amis; il a grand besoin d'argent. La bonne femme envoie un peu d'argent à son mari. Les jours, les semaines passent, et une lettre arrive de Paris qui demande une grande somme d'argent.

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

The poor husband is now at the hospital in Paris. Two friends of Jerome are in the hospital also. After a few weeks he sends a friend to Mother Barberin. The man announces that her husband is in great need of money. The little family is poor, but Remi sends two letters to Jerome with a little money every week.

SIXIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. La misère

Mère Barberin est maintenant bien malheureuse. Elle est obligée de vendre la vache pour envoyer un peu d'argent à Jérôme qui est à l'hôpital. Et maintenant la misère est grande dans la petite maison du petit Remi. Les légumes du jardin sont la seule ressource de la petite famille. Remi est obligé de vendre les légumes dans les rues du village. Heureusement mère Barberin trouve un peu d'ouvrage dans la maison d'un voisin.

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

Avec un nom masculin singulier, nous employons un adjectif masculin singulier; avec un nom féminin singulier, nous employons un adjectif féminin singulier; avec un nom masculin pluriel, nous employons un adjectif masculin pluriel; avec un nom féminin pluriel, nous employons un adjectif féminin pluriel.

V. Thème

And now the poverty of the little family is great. The only friends of the good woman are the neighbors who are very poor also. Fortunately the neighbors are not bad. Every day the little boy finds a little work in the gardens of two neighbors. Mother Barberin looks after the garden behind the house.

SEPTIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. Jérôme Barberin

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

We knock at the door of the little house. Some time after a man opens the door. We enter. We kiss the good nurse but we do not speak to the man. He speaks harshly. We ask for little Remi. "He is not here," says the woman who is evidently not happy to find the parents of the child.

HUITIÈME LEÇON

LECTURE

I. Étude de mots

II. Au café

NEUVIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. Vitalis

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

There is an asylum in the village; it is near the house. You leave the house with Remi at noon. You enter the café and chat with Vitalis. He speaks of a troupe. "Where is it?" "It is under the table." Vitalis wears a strange hat with two feathers; they are red and green. You look at his costume with curiosity.

DIXIÈME LEÇON

REVUE

I. Grammaire

II. Exercices

ONZIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. La troupe

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

Vitalis speaks Italian to the company and to the troupe. Capi, the leader of the dogs, gives a paw to the master. He introduces the other dogs to the men. The white poodle is a good friend of the master and of the dogs. Zerbino and Dolce are also (some) members of the troupe. There is also a monkey, Joli-Cœur, who travels with Vitalis in all the countries of the world.

DOUZIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. La montre et la corde

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

Vitalis asks, "What time is it?" Where is the watch? Is it in the vest of his master? Then Vitalis invites the dogs to dance. Have they a rope? Has he a rope in his pocket? Capi and Dolce dance very gracefully three times. Soon the other members of the troupe dance also. Have they a good master? Are they not the good friends of Vitalis?

TREIZIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. Joli-Cœur

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

Does he desire to work with Vitalis? Do you not guess why Vitalis engages (the) little Remi? Does he engage Remi immediately? Instead of playing, Remi now works with the little troupe. But does he not travel in the beautiful country of France? Why does he not stay with Mother Barberin? Does she wish to sell Remi to Vitalis?

LEÇON SUPPLÉMENTAIRE

QUATORZIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. La visite

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

"Come now!" says Barberin, "are you not happy to return to the little house of Mother Barberin?" Remi does not forget Vitalis and the amusing dogs. They arrive the next day. Vitalis speaks to Barberin a long time. The good mother is not at the house and the little boy does not desire to go with Vitalis. Remi does not forget the strange scene at the café. Remi is not a stupid boy; he is an intelligent boy.

QUINZIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. En route

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

This little troupe is now on the road which leads to the mountain. I walk a long time in front of these three little dogs. Vitalis walks behind. From time to time I look at that little village down there. Mother Barberin is in that house at the bottom of the valley. Do I regret that man, Jerome Barberin? No, but I do regret that good woman, Mother Barberin.

SEIZIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. La promesse

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

Vitalis was carrying Joli-Cœur but we were walking. The next day we were very tired because we had (some) wooden shoes. We used to wear (some) shoes when we lived in the city. Fortunately Ussel was not far from the village. On the way Vitalis spoke in French to Remi who was a French boy. He always spoke in Italian to the dogs and to the monkey.

DIX-SEPTIÈME LEÇON

LECTURE

I. Étude de mots

II. Le vol

DIX-HUITIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. L'uniforme

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

We left the barn early and everybody was happy to go to Ussel. You knocked at the door of a house. You were looking for a lodging. Fortunately there was a good inn in that village. We were also looking everywhere for a shop. Finally we found a shop where we immediately bought some shoes and a hat for Remi.

DIX-NEUVIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. La pièce

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

My new costume was superb. My stockings were red and my sack-coat was blue. The dogs were preparing the little play with their old master. Vitalis was always good to his dogs. Our play was very amusing. Here is the title: "The Servant of Mr. Joli-Cœur." Our comedians were the three dogs, the monkey, and a young peasant called Remi. Capi is a servant. The monkey is his master. Remi leaves his house to enter the service of the monkey.

VINGTIÈME LEÇON

REVUE

I. Grammaire

II. Exercices

VINGT ET UNIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. La répétition

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

We left the inn early for the master's rehearsal. Remi's rôle was very amusing. During the rehearsal the actors' attention was perfect. Joli-Cœur's costume was superb because in this play he was the master. Remi, the monkey's servant, was not very intelligent but he played his rôle well. This comedy lasted only one hour, but the rehearsal lasted two or three hours. The young peasant's attention was superior to the monkey's attention.

VINGT-DEUXIÈME LEÇON

LECTURE

I. Étude de mots

II. La Représentation

VINGT-TROISIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. Fin de la représentation

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

M. Joli-Cœur was an English general. Remi, the new servant, entered and the spectators burst out laughing. He looked at his master, who was smoking quietly. Evidently he did not like Remi's face. It was not intelligent. And when M. Joli-Cœur invited Remi to breakfast, the poor child showed his stupidity immediately. The clever monkey then took Remi's place and breakfasted.

VINGT-QUATRIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. Bordeaux

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

The cities which our friends visited were fairy-like. Remi liked the large ships and (the) beautiful rivers which they crossed. These artists, who always traveled at random, spent several days in the large villages and gave two performances a day. All the plays which were in their stock of plays were (some) comedies. They went still farther into the South of France and arrived at Pau, which is at the foot of the Pyrenees. The master, whom Remi loved now, was always good and kind.

VINGT-CINQUIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. Pau et Toulouse

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

They will be rich if they have (some) large receipts. They will have an enthusiastic audience at Pau because all the children will love Joli-Cœur and the dogs. Vitalis will not stay very long in this city. He will begin again his wandering life. Shall we spend the winter with his troupe at Toulouse? Will you not be present at the first performance which they will give in the middle of the public square? It will be very amusing.

VINGT-SIXIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. La police

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

Everybody gave pennies to our comedians, who ate a good supper that night. Vitalis bought some milk and bread for Remi and some bones for the dogs. The intervention of the policeman gave (some) variety to the performance. Joli-Cœur was not afraid of the agent and the next day he went with Remi to the square to earn some money.

VINGT-SEPTIÈME LEÇON

LECTURE

I. Étude de mots

II. Arrêté

VINGT-HUITIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. L'aubergiste

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

The next day, Vitalis bought some pretty muzzles for the dogs. They arrived at the square when the policeman was striking Remi. Vitalis struck the policeman who immediately arrested the old man.

(The) Poor little Remi has no master! He has no friends in that village. There is no supper for the dogs. The innkeeper says that there are some small villages, not far from here, where Remi will earn his living. He does not settle his account because he has no money.

VINGT-NEUVIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. Tout seul

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

The dogs are in a hurry to find a baker because they are hungry. It is absolutely necessary to work and to earn a little money. They soon perceive a baker's shop where Remi, who is the master now, buys some bread. The little troupe finishes this supper very quickly and continues its journey. The weather is beautiful and our comedians walk rapidly for two hours. That night they sleep in the open air because the night is warm.

TRENTIÈME LEÇON

REVUE

I. Grammaire

II. Exercices

1. Mettez les verbes qui sont entre parenthèses à la troisième personne du singulier et à la troisième personne du pluriel du passé défini, et à la deuxième personne du pluriel du futur:

INDICATIF PRÉSENT
Parler, to speak
Singulier	{	je parle français, I speak French. tu parles français, thou speakest French (you speak French). il parle français, he speaks French. elle parle français, she speaks French.
Pluriel	{	nous parlons français, we speak French. vous parlez français, you speak French. ils parlent français, they speak French. elles parlent français, they speak French.

**Être**
suis-je le maître?	ne suis-je pas le maître?
es-tu le maître?	n'es-tu pas le maître?
est-il le maître?	n'est-il pas le maître?
est-elle la maîtresse?	n'est-elle pas la maîtresse?
sommes-nous les maîtres?	ne sommes-nous pas les maîtres?
êtes-vous les maîtres?	n'êtes-vous pas les maîtres?
sont-ils les maîtres?	ne sont-ils pas les maîtres?
sont-elles les maîtresses?	ne sont-elles pas les maîtresses?

**Avoir**
ai-je une montre?	n'ai-je pas une montre?
as-tu une montre?	n'as-tu pas une montre?
a-t-il une montre?	n'a-t-il pas une montre?
a-t-elle une montre?	n'a-t-elle pas une montre?
avons-nous une montre?	n'avons-nous pas une montre?
avez-vous une montre?	n'avez-vous pas une montre?
ont-ils une montre?	n'ont-ils pas une montre?
ont-elles une montre?	n'ont-elles pas une montre?

**Être**
j'étais, I was, I used to be tu étais il était	nous étions vous étiez ils étaient

**Avoir**
j'avais, I had, I used to have tu avais il avait	nous avions vous aviez ils avaient

**Être**
j'ai été, I was, I have been tu as été il a été	nous avons été vous avez été ils ont été

**Avoir**
j'ai eu, I had, I have had tu as eu il a eu	nous avons eu vous avez eu ils ont eu

*Adjectifs Possessifs*
Singulier	Pluriel
masculin féminin	masculin et féminin
mon ton son	ma ta sa	mes, my tes, thy ses, his, her, its
notre votre leur	notre votre leur	nos, our vos, your leurs, their

Être	Avoir
je fus, I was tu fus il fut	j'eus, I had tu eus il eut
nous fûmes vous fûtes ils furent	nous eûmes vous eûtes ils eurent

Être	Avoir
je serai, I shall be tu seras il sera	j'aurai, I shall have tu auras il aura
nous serons vous serez ils seront	nous aurons vous aurez ils auront

*Articles partitifs*
du de la de l' des	Masculin singulier Féminin singulier Masculin ou féminin singulier Pluriel	{	du pain, some bread. de la viande, some meat. de l'argent, some money. des os, some bones.

2. (a) Mettez les verbes des phrases suivantes à la troisième personne du singulier, à la deuxième et à la troisième personne du pluriel de l'indicatif présent avec les changements nécessaires:

(b) Mettez ces mêmes verbes à la forme interrogative de la deuxième personne du pluriel avec les changements nécessaires.

TRENTE ET UNIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. Le bateau

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

"I shall spend my ten cents," said Remi, "in a neighboring village for some bread and for a few pieces of meat for the dogs." One of the animals had disappeared.

On the bank of the canal there was a beautiful lady with a little boy who seemed to be sick. Remi began to play on his harp; suddenly some voices cried out: "Bravo!" There were children who were dancing on the deck of one of the boats.

TRENTE-DEUXIÈME LEÇON

LECTURE

I. Étude de mots

II. En bateau

TRENTE-TROISIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. Le premier repas

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

After the first dance, the foreign lady asked: "Will you dance again for my dear little boy?" Remi looked at the sickly face of her little son and answered: "Certainly, I shall be very pleased to dance again and to play a short comedy for you." "Have you no master?" said the good lady. "No, we are alone at this moment, but my troupe is good and obedient and we are not unhappy." The lady was curious; she continued: "Do you earn enough money to live?"

TRENTE-QUATRIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. L'engagement

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

The beautiful lady had a long conversation with Remi. Her voice was sweet and frank. "You will stay with my son. You will talk with him and your comedians will dance for him. You will play his favorite plays. You will certainly be happy here with us on this boat." Remi thanked the lady and kissed her hand affectionately. Some time after, the boat quietly left the bank of the canal. The joy of our little troupe was complete.

TRENTE-CINQUIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. Madame Milligan

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

My happiness was complete. We were happy because we were making Arthur happy and Madam Milligan shared our happiness. I used to receive letters from Vitalis every week, and from time to time I sent a little money to the old man whom I loved so much.

One day an interesting letter arrived which announced that he was finishing his last week in prison. In a few days the master arrived. We were then in the little city of Cette, on the shore of the Mediterranean.

TRENTE-SIXIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. Arrivée de Vitalis

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

We walk more quickly than ever. We arrive early at the station and wait for our master. The dogs are more anxious than the monkey. The train arrives and when Remi perceives his poor master, he jumps[93] into his arms and kisses him. The monkey is as quick as the other comedians and they jump joyously around the old man. Capi is the most affected.

They walk towards the hotel as quickly as possible because Madam Milligan is waiting for Signor Vitalis in her room.

TRENTE-SEPTIÈME LEÇON

LECTURE

I. Étude de mots

II. La séparation

TRENTE-HUITIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. La neige

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

The little troupe traveled through a better country. The weather was bad on the road, but it was still worse on the hills. Remi's sadness increased when they left the city of Cette, for he loved Madam Milligan and Arthur.

They walked a long time without accident. Capi was certainly the best dog of the troupe; he obeyed his master much better than the others. Everybody thought that Joli-Cœur was the worst; in reality, he was not as bad as Zerbino.

TRENTE-NEUVIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. Les loups

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

The snow continued to fall; I looked to the right and to the left to find a shelter for the night. At last we found a woodcutter's hut where we immediately lit a good fire. We began to eat our meal in front of the fireplace. We spent a terrible night in that hut because the wolves were at the door.

After our meal we noticed that Dolce and Zerbino were not there. They had left the house and evidently the wolves had carried away the poor little dogs.

QUARANTIÈME LEÇON

REVUE

I. Grammaire

II. Exercices

1. Mettez les verbes qui sont entre parenthèses à la première personne et à la troisième personne du singulier, et à la deuxième personne du pluriel de l'imparfait:

2. Mettez les verbes des phrases suivantes à la forme interrogative de la troisième personne du singulier, de la deuxième et de la troisième personne du pluriel du passé indéfini:

QUARANTE ET UNIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. M. Joli-Cœur

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

I lost Joli-Cœur. I called and looked all around the hut. I walked a long time in the snow but found nothing. Capi looked also and at last found Joli-Cœur on the branch of a tree. I returned to the hut with Joli-Cœur in my arms. Vitalis immediately wrapped Joli-Cœur in a warm blanket, but in spite of our tender care the poor little monkey died.

QUARANTE-DEUXIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. La maladie

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

It was difficult now to give performances with so few artists. Vitalis did not have much money. He gave some violin lessons and earned a little money. This money lasted several weeks. Vitalis was sick. Remi was worn out. How will the little troupe earn enough money for the winter? How many weeks will they stay in that city? Soon they left the city. They walked more than three hours in spite of the snow and the cold.

QUARANTE-TROISIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. Pauvre Vitalis!

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

There was a man in the room and two or three children. I asked: "Where is my master? Where is my faithful Capi?" The man then told the story. He found Vitalis dead at the door of the garden. Policemen had carried Vitalis away and Capi had followed his master.

"Yes," said the man, "but you will stay with my children. They will take care of you, my poor little child. You will not lose Capi. I am sure that he will soon be here."

QUARANTE-QUATRIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. Sans parents

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

"Yes, I am hungry," said Remi; "I have eaten nothing. We went away yesterday. We walked a long time. We arrived in front of your house. My master was very weak. He fell, worn out, near the gate of your garden. I went to look for a doctor, but my master died during the night. Your children came to the gate and immediately they went to get their father. You have saved a very unfortunate boy."

QUARANTE-CINQUIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. Retour de Capi

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

"Show your harp to my little girl," said the father. "Now play something for us."

After a few moments, Mr. Acquin said: "Stay with us, Remi. Do not return to your country. You will be happy here. You will work in my garden. And Capi will stay with us also."

QUARANTE-SIXIÈME LEÇON

LECTURE

I. Étude de mots

II. Carlo Balzani

QUARANTE-SEPTIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. Mattia

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

Remi and his dog stayed three years at Mr. Acquin's house. "My life here is happy," said Remi one day, "and yours also, I hope." "Yes, my boy, if your anxiety was great during your illness, mine was as great as yours." Bad business obliged Mr. Acquin to send away the two little artists. Remi left the house with Capi and went to Paris, where he met a friend called Mattia. As Remi was the head, he gave Mattia a place in his troupe. "My profits will be yours; your success will be mine," said Remi. Mattia, Remi, and the dog left Paris.

QUARANTE-HUITIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. Le bal

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

We gave performances in all the small cities. Everybody liked them. One day we entered a farmyard where there were many men and women. It was a wedding. They requested me to play a waltz. We played several dances and the host invited us to dinner. We left him and continued our journey with more courage. When we crossed a river or a canal, Remi looked for Madam Milligan; he hoped to find her.

QUARANTE-NEUVIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. Le rêve

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

The money which the host gave us at the wedding did not last long. Now we desired to go to Mother Barberin's house and bring her a present. We worked for several months and earned enough money to buy a cow. A neighbor told them that she was in the village. Remi told him to tie the cow in the stable and they entered the house. Everything was in the same place. When Mother Barberin arrived, she looked at them with surprise.

CINQUANTIÈME LEÇON

REVUE

I. Grammaire

II. Exercices

1. Mettez les verbes qui sont entre parenthèses à la troisième personne du singulier et à la troisième personne du pluriel du passé défini:

2. Mettez les verbes des phrases suivantes à la première personne du singulier et à la première personne du pluriel du futur:

CINQUANTE ET UNIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. La surprise

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

It was she. I looked at her and she looked at me. Mattia was behind me. "Is it you, Remi? Who is that boy with you?"

"That is my good comrade Mattia, who plays with us, and this is my faithful friend, Capi. It is they who form the famous troupe."

CINQUANTE-DEUXIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. Une famille

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

Who prepared a dinner for Remi and his friends? Who was looking for Remi? Had he a family? In what city did they live? Whom did they meet when they arrived at Mother Barberin's (house)? What caused her surprise? What did they ask for? Who was the abandoned child? What good friends had kept the child for eight years? To what good master did Barberin sell this little boy? In what countries did he travel?

CINQUANTE-TROISIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. L'hôtel du Cantal

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

The next day I leave Mother Barberin. I walk a long time all along a canal. There were many boats on the canal but not that of Madam Milligan. I am tired and hungry. My purse is empty, but I have the one which Mother Barberin gave us. I arrive in Paris after a long journey and look for Barberin's address and that of Garofoli, the musician. But those whom I wished to see were dead.

CINQUANTE-QUATRIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. Le secret de Barberin

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

My parents are English, I am sure of it. Do they live in England? I must go there. I speak of them to Mattia. He thinks that I must look for Madam Milligan who is an Englishwoman. As they asked only ten cents a day for the room, I spent several days there. But[138] we were losing time. We must find Madam Milligan. She is not at Chavanon; we come from there. If Mother Barberin sends me a letter, I shall reply to it.

CINQUANTE-CINQUIÈME LEÇON

LECTURE

I. Étude de mots

II. Le Cygne

CINQUANTE-SIXIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. Vevey

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

They would look for the Cygne on all the canals. He would question all the boatmen and would certainly find the Cygne in a few days. When they found their boat, Madam Milligan and her son were not there. They questioned the man who was on the boat. "I would tell you where she is if I knew it," said the man. "She said that she would buy a house on the shore of (the) Lake Geneva. She would arrive in Switzerland in three days."

CINQUANTE-SEPTIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. Les recherches

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

If the artists should find a good inn, they would spend the night there. The innkeeper would give (a) good advice, if they should ask for it. Madam Milligan would hear the music if the artists played near the lake. Were they discouraged? No, because they were sure that they would soon find her in one of the villas on the shore of the lake.

CINQUANTE-HUITIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. L'hôtel des Alpes

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

Remi is now in Vevey, in Switzerland. One day he sees Madam Milligan in a garden. Madam Milligan kisses Remi tenderly. Remi's comrade, Mattia, whom he met in Paris, is with him. Remi tells Madam Milligan that he looked for her in France. When they are in the house, Madam Milligan tells the boys that she received an important letter. She does not tell them the serious things which were in the letter.

CINQUANTE-NEUVIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. La réunion

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

"Yes, she is waiting for you. Arthur is waiting, too, and will be happy to see you. Madam Milligan is your mother and Arthur is your brother. An enemy of the family stole you when you were a child and abandoned you in France. England is your country. You are English. Mother Barberin, who loved children, took care of you."

SOIXANTIÈME LEÇON

REVUE

I. Grammaire

II. Exercices

1. Mettez les verbes qui sont entre parenthèses à la première et à la deuxième personne du pluriel de l'impératif:

2. Mettez les verbes des phrases suivantes à la deuxième et à la troisième personne du pluriel de l'indicatif présent:

APPENDICE

ABRÉVIATIONS

FRANÇAIS-ANGLAIS

a (pres. ind. of avoir), has.
à, to, in, at, with, of, on, from, for.
abandonner, to abandon, leave.
aboiement, m., barking.
abominable, abominable.
abondant, ~e, abundant.
abord: d'____, at first.
aboyer, to bark.
abri, m., shelter.
absent, ~e, absent, away.
absolument, absolutely.
accent, m., accent.
accepter, to accept.
accident, m., accident.
accompagner, to accompany.
accord, m., agreement.
accorder (s'), to agree.
acheté (p.p. of acheter), bought.
acheter, to buy.
achèterai (fut. of acheter), will buy.
achèterait (pres. cond. of acheter), would buy.
acquisition, f., acquisition.
acteur, m., actor.
action, f., action, deed.
adieu, m., farewell;
- faire les ____x, to say farewell, take leave.
adjectif, m., adjective.
admirer, to admire.
adresse, f., address.
adressé, ~e, addressed.
adverbe, m., adverb.
affable, affable.
affaire, f., business.
affectueusement, affectionately.
affectueu-x, ~se, affectionate.
affirmati-f, ~ve, affirmative.
affligé, ~e, distressed.
âge, m., age.
âgé, ~e, aged;
- ____ de six mois, six months old.
agent, m., agent; policeman.
agité, ~e, agitated.
ah! ah!
ai (pres. ind. of avoir), have.
aider, to help.
ailleurs, adv., elsewhere;
- d'____, besides.
aimable, kind.
aimé, ~e, beloved.
aimer, to love, like.
ainsi, in this way, thus.
air, m., air;
- avoir l'____ (followed by an adj.), to look, seem to be;
- avoir l'____ de (followed by a noun), to look like;
- avoir l'____ de (followed by a verb), to look as if, seem;
- en plein ____, in the open air.
ajouter, to add.
ajoutons (pres. ind. of ajouter), add.
allé, ~e, gone;
- elle est allée, she has gone.
[164]
allée, f., walk; boulevard.
aller, to go.
allèrent (past def. of aller), went.
allons! come! come now!
allons (imv. of aller), let us go.
allumer, to light.
alors, then.
Alpes, Alps.
amende, f., fine.
amené (p.p. of amener), led.
amener, to lead, bring.
ami, m., friend.
amoindrir, to lessen.
amusant, ~e, amusing.
amusé (p.p. of amuser), amused.
amuser, to amuse.
an, m., year;
- par ____, a year.
ancien, ~ne, former, old.
anglais, ~e, English.
Anglais, m., Englishman.
Anglaise, f., English lady.
Angleterre, f., England.
animal, m., animal.
annonça (past def. of annoncer), announced.
annonce (pres. ind. of annoncer), announces.
annoncer, to announce.
apercevant (pres. part. of apercevoir), perceiving.
apercevoir, to perceive, see.
aperçoivent (pres. ind. of apercevoir), perceive, see.
aperçurent (past def. of apercevoir), saw, perceived.
aperçut (past def. of apercevoir), saw, perceived.
appartement, m., apartment.
appartenir, to belong.
appartient (pres. ind. of appartenir), belongs.
appeler, to call.
appelle (pres. ind. of appeler), call.
appendice, m., appendix.
applaudi (p.p. of applaudir), applauded.
applaudir, to applaud.
applaudissement, m., applause.
apporter, to bring.
apprécié, ~e, appreciated.
apprend (pres. ind. of apprendre), learns.
apprendre, to learn; teach.
apprentissage, m., apprenticeship.
appris (p.p. of apprendre), learned.
apprit (past def. of apprendre), taught.
approcher, to approach.
approchez (imv. of approcher), approach.
approprié, ~e, appropriate.
approuver, to approve.
après, after.
arbre, m., tree.
arc, m., arch.
Arc de Triomphe, a famous arch on the Place de l'Étoile.
ardemment, ardently.
argent, m., money, silver.
arranger, to arrange.
arrêt, m., stop.
arrêté (p.p. of arrêter), arrested.
arrêter, to arrest, stop;
- s'____, to stop.
arrière, m., back part;
- en ____, back.
arrive (pres. ind. of arriver), arrives.
arrivé (p.p. of arriver), arrived;
- était ____, had arrived;
- sommes ~s, have arrived.
arrivée, f., arrival.[165]
arriver, to arrive; attain; happen.
Arthur, Arthur.
article, m., article.
artiste, m., artist.
as (pres. ind. of avoir), have.
assez, enough, quite.
assiette, f., plate.
assiettée, f., plateful.
assis, ~e, seated.
assister, to be present.
assurément, certainly, surely.
attaché (p.p. of attacher), fastened, bound.
attacher, to attach;
- s'____, to attach one's self; cling.
attendant (pres. part. of attendre), waiting for.
attendit (past def. of attendre), waited for.
attendra (fut. of attendre), will wait.
attendre, to wait for, wait.
attenti-f, ~ve, attentive.
attention, f., attention.
attirer, to attract.
attitude, f., attitude.
attraper, to catch.
au = à le.
auberge, f., inn.
aubergiste, m., innkeeper.
augmenter, to increase.
aujourd'hui, to-day.
auparavant, before.
auprès de, with, near.
auras (fut. of avoir), will have.
aurons (fut. of avoir), shall have.
aussi, also, as.
aussitôt, immediately.
autant (de), as much.
automne, m. and f., autumn.
autorité, f., authority.
autour de, around.
autre, other.
autrefois, formerly.
aux = à les.
auxiliaire, m., auxiliary.
avait (imp. of avoir), had;
- il y ____, there was.
avaler, to swallow.
avance, f., advance; start, advantage;
- d'____, beforehand.
avance (imv. of avancer), advance.
avancer, to advance.
avant, prep., before;
- ____ de, before.
avant, adv.;
- en ____, forward.
avantage, m., advantage.
avec, with.
avenir, m., future.
aventure, f., adventure;
- à l'____, at random.
avenue, f., avenue.
aveu, m., confession.
aveuglé, ~e, blinded.
Avignon, a city of France in the department of Vaucluse.
avoir, to have;
- il y a, there is, there are; ago;
- y a-t-il? is there? are there?
- il y avait, there was;
- ____ envie de, to want;
- ____ faim, to be hungry;
- ____ hâte de, to be in a hurry to;
- ____ peur, to be afraid.
avril, m., April.

bagage, m., baggage.
baiser, m., kiss.
baiser, to kiss;
- lui baisa la main, kissed her hand.
bal, m., ball.
barbe, f., beard.
Barberin, a family name.
bas, m., stocking.[166]
bas, ~se, low.
bateau, m., boat.
bâton, m., stick.
beau, belle, beautiful, handsome, fine.
beaucoup (de), many, much.
beaux (pl. of beau), beautiful.
belle (f. of beau), beautiful, fine.
berge, f., bank.
besoin, m., need;
- avoir ____ de, to be in need of, need.
bête, f., animal.
bête, stupid.
bien, well, very, indeed, certainly; much, very much; comfortable.
bientôt, soon.
bizarre, strange, odd.
blanc, blanche, white.
blessé, ~e, wounded, hurt.
bleu, ~e, blue.
bleuâtre, bluish.
blond, ~e, blond.
blotti, ~e, huddled.
boire, to drink.
bois, m., wood; forest.
boisé, ~e, wooded.
bon, ~ne, good;
- de bonne heure, early.
bond, m., bound.
bondir, to jump.
bonheur, m., happiness.
bonjour, good day.
bonne (f. of bon), good.
bonté, f., kindness.
bord, m., bank, shore.
Bordeaux, a city of France in the department of la Gironde.
bouche, f., mouth.
bouchée, f., mouthful.
boucler, to buckle on.
bouger, to move.
boulanger, m., baker.
boulevard, m., boulevard.
bouquet, m., bouquet.
bourse, f., purse.
bout, m., end.
boutique, f., shop.
boutonnière, f., buttonhole.
brancard, m., stretcher.
branche, f., branch.
bras, m., arm.
bravo! bravo! well done!
bretelle, f., strap.
briller, to shine.
brique, f., brick.
bruit, m., noise.
brûler, to burn.
brusquement, sharply, quickly.
brutalité, f., brutality.
bûcheron, m., woodcutter.
bureau, m., office.
but, m., purpose.

c' = ce.
ça, it.
cacher, to hide;
- se ____, to hide one's self.
cadeau, m., present.
cadran, m., face (of a watch).
café, m., tavern.
camarade, m., comrade.
canal, m., canal.
Canal du Midi, Southern Canal.
caniche, m., poodle.
capable, capable.
Capi, a dog's name.
capital, ~e, great, considerable; important, principal.
Capitano (Italian), Captain.
car, for, because.
caractère, m., character.[167]
Carcassonne, a city of France in the department of l'Aude.
caressant (pres. part. of caresser), caressing.
caresser, to caress.
carré, m., square;
- ____ long, rectangle.
carrière, f., quarry.
carte, f., map.
cas, m., case;
- en tout ____, however, at any rate.
causer, to chat, talk.
ce, pron., it, he, she;
- ____ qui, ____ que, that, which, what.
ce, cet, cette, adj., this, that.
cela, that.
célèbre, celebrated.
celle, f., that.
celui, m., the one; that.
cent, a hundred.
centre, m., center.
cerceau, m., hoop.
cercle, m., circle.
certain, ~e, certain.
certainement, certainly.
certes, yes, indeed.
ces (pl. of adj. ce), these.
cet, cette, see ce (adj.).
Cette, a city of France in the department of l'Hérault.
chacun, each one.
chaise, f., chair.
chaleur, f., heat.
chambre, f., room.
champ, m., field.
chance, f., chance.
change (pres. ind. of changer), changes.
changé (p.p. of changer), changed.
changement, m., change.
changer (de), to change.
chanson, f., song.
chant, m., singing.
chanter, to sing.
chanteur, m., singer.
chapeau, m., hat.
chaque, each, every.
Charenton, a city of France in the department of la Seine.
charitable, charitable.
charmant, ~e, charming.
charrette, f., wagon, cart.
chasser, to drive away.
Châtillon, a city of France in the department of la Drôme.
chaud, ~e, warm.
Chavanon, a village of central France.
chef, m., leader, chief.
chemin, m., road, path, way; journey.
cheminée, f., chimney.
cher, chère, dear.
cherchant (pres. part. of chercher), looking for.
cherche (imv. of chercher), try.
chercher, to seek, look for; try.
cherchons (imv. of chercher), let us look for.
chéri, ~e, darling, dear.
cheval, m., horse.
chevaux (pl. of cheval), horses.
cheveu, m., hair.
chez, to the house of, at the house of;
- ____ qui, to whose house;
- ____ elle, at her house.
chien, m., dog.
choisir, to choose.
choisis (imv. of choisir), choose.
chose, f., thing, matter.
chute, f., fall, tumble.
ciel, m., sky.[168]
cigare, m., cigar.
cime, f., summit.
cinq, five.
cinquante, fifty.
cinquante et unième, fifty-first.
cinquantième, fiftieth.
cinquième, fifth.
cirque, m., circus.
ciseaux, m. pl., scissors.
clair, ~e, clear.
clairement, clearly.
clarté, f., light.
cœur, m., heart;
- le ____ gros, with heavy heart.
coin, m., corner.
colère, f., anger.
collet, m., collar.
colline, f., hill.
combien (de), how many, how much;
- ____ de temps, how long.
comédie, f., comedy.
comédien, m., comedian.
comique, comic.
commandement, m., command, authority.
comme! how!
comme, like, as.
commence (pres. ind. of commencer), begins.
commencer, to begin.
comment! what!
comment, how.
commissaire, m., commissary (of police).
comparaison, f., comparison.
comparatif, m., comparative.
comparati-f, ~ve, comparative.
comparer, to compare.
complément, m., object;
- ____ direct, direct object.
compl-et, ~ète, complete.
composé, ~e, compound, contracted.
compréhensible, comprehensible.
comprenait (imp. of comprendre), understood.
comprenant (pres. part. of comprendre), understanding.
comprendre, to understand.
compris (p.p. of comprendre), understood.
compte, m., account.
condamner, to condemn.
conditionnel, m., conditional.
conditionnel, ~le, conditional.
conduire, to take.
confiance, f., confidence.
confier, to intrust, confide.
conjoncti-f, ~ve, conjunctive.
conjonction, f., conjunction.
conjugaison, f., conjugation.
conjugué (p.p. of conjuguer), conjugated.
conjuguer, to conjugate.
connais (pres. ind. of connaître), know.
connaissait (imp. of connaître), knew.
connaître, to know.
consacrer, to devote.
conseil, m., advice.
conseiller, to advise.
consentir, to consent.
conserver, to keep.
consista (past def. of consister), consisted.
consister, to consist.
consoler, to console.
consonne, f., consonant.
construction, f., construction.
consulter, to consult.
contenir, to contain.[169]
content, ~e, pleased.
contient (pres. ind. of contenir), contains.
continuation, f., continuation.
continuer, to continue.
continuons (imv. of continuer), let us continue.
contre, against.
contribuer, to contribute.
conversation, f., conversation.
corde, f., rope;
- danser à la ____, to jump rope.
cordon, m., string.
cornet à piston, m., cornet.
corps, m., body.
corsage, m., waist.
cortège, m., procession.
costume, m., costume.
costumer, to dress.
côté, m., side;
- de tous ~s, on all sides.
Côte d'Or, a chain of hills.
cou, m., neck.
couché (p.p. of coucher), lying.
coucher, to sleep;
- se ____, to lie down.
coup, m., blow;
- ____ de fouet, crack of a whip;
- ____ de poing, punch;
- tout à ____, suddenly.
coupable, guilty.
coupé (p.p. of couper), cut.
couper, to cut.
cour, f., yard.
courage, m., courage.
courant (pres. part. of courir), running.
courbé, bent.
courir, to run.
cours, m., course.
court, ~e, short.
coururent (past def. of courir), ran.
courut (past def. of courir), ran.
cousin, m., cousin.
cousine, f., cousin.
couteau, m., knife.
couvert, m., things on the table;
- dispose le ____, set the table.
couvert (p.p. of couvrir), covered.
couverture, f., blanket.
couvrent (pres. ind. of couvrir), cover.
couvrir, to cover.
craignant (pres. part. of craindre), fearing.
craindre, to fear.
crains (pres. ind. of craindre), fear.
cravate, f., necktie.
crête, f., crest, top, summit.
cria (past def. of crier), cried.
crier, to cry, cry out.
croire, to believe.
croiser, to cross.
crotté, ~e, covered with mud.
croûte, f., crust of bread.
croyait (imp. of croire), believed.
culotte, f., breeches, trousers.
cure-dent, m., toothpick.
curieu-x, ~se, curious.
curiosité, f., curiosity.
Cygne, m., Swan.

d' = de.
dame, f., lady.
dangereu-x, ~se, dangerous.
dans, in, into.
danse, f., dance;
- airs de ____, dance airs.
danser, to dance;
- ____ à la corde, to jump rope.
davantage, more; further.[170]
de, of, from, to, in, with, for, on account of, by, at, on; some.
débarrassé, ~e, rid.
décider, to decide.
déconcerté, ~e, disconcerted.
découragé, ~e, discouraged.
décroiser, to uncross.
défendre, to forbid.
défends (pres. ind. of défendre) forbid.
défini, ~e, definite.
dégager, to free, release.
dégoûté, ~e, disgusted.
degré, m., degree.
déguisé, ~e, disguised.
déjà, already.
déjeuna (past def. of déjeuner) breakfasted.
déjeuner, m., breakfast.
déjeuner, to breakfast.
de l', de la, of the; some.
demain, to-morrow.
demanda (past def. of demander) asked for.
demande (pres. ind. of demander) asks for.
demander, to ask for, ask, beg.
demeure (pres. ind. of demeurer) lives;
- demeure-t-il? does he live?
demeurer, to live.
démonstrati-f, ~ve, demonstrative.
dent, f., tooth.
départ, m., departure.
dépasser, to pass beyond.
dépens, m., expense.
dépenser, to spend.
depuis, since, for.
déranger (se) to disturb one's self.
derni-er, ~ère, last;
- le mois ____, last month.
derrière, behind;
- pattes de ____, hind paws.
des = de les, of the; some.
descendit (past def. of descendre) came down.
descendre, to go down, come down, descend; stop.
désiré (p.p. of désirer) wished for.
désirer, to desire, wish for.
désolé, ~e, distressed.
destiné (p.p. of destiner) destined.
destiner, to destine.
détacher, to untie.
deux, two.
deuxième, second.
devant, before, in front of;
- pattes de ____, front paws;
- (droit) ____ eux, straight ahead.
deviner, to guess.
devoir, m., duty.
devoir, to be obliged to; must.
Dieu, m., God;
- mon ____! good heavens! dear me!
différent, ~e, different.
difficile, difficult.
difficulté, f., difficulty.
Dijon, a city of France in the department of la Côte-d'Or.
diminuer, to diminish, grow smaller.
dîner, m., dinner.
dîner, to dine.
dire, to say, tell;
- je veux ____, I mean.
direct, ~e, direct;
- complément ____, direct object.
direction, f., direction.
dis (imv. of dire), tell.[171]
disait (imp. of dire), said.
disant (pres. part. of dire), saying, telling.
discipline, f., discipline.
discussion, f., discussion.
disons (pres. ind. of dire), say.
disparaître, to disappear.
disparu (p.p. of disparaître), disappeared.
disperser (se), to disperse.
dispose (imv. of disposer), arrange.
disposé (p.p. of disposer), disposed, ready.
disposer, to arrange;
- ____ le couvert, to set the table.
disposition, f., inclination;
- en ____, inclined.
distance, f., distance.
distinctement, distinctly.
dit (pres. ind. of dire), says, tells.
dit (past def. of dire), said.
dit (p.p. of dire), said.
dites (imv. of dire), tell.
divers, ~e, different, various.
divisé, ~e, divided.
dix, ten.
dix-huitième, eighteenth.
dixième, tenth.
dix-neuvième, nineteenth.
dix-septième, seventeenth.
docile, obedient.
docilité, f., obedience.
doigt, m., finger.
doit (pres. ind. of devoir), must.
Dolce (pronounce dolchay), a dog's name.
domesticité, f., domesticity.
domestique, m. and f., servant.
donc, then; therefore.
donne (pres. ind. of donner), gives.
donner, to give.
donnez (imv. of donner), give;
- donnez-le-moi, give it to me.
dormaient (imp. of dormir), were sleeping.
dormir, to sleep.
dos, m., back.
doubler, to double.
douce (f. of doux), sweet, gentle.
doute, m., doubt.
doux, douce, sweet, gentle.
douzième, twelfth.
droit, ~e, straight;
- ____ devant eux, straight ahead.
droite, f., right.
drolatique, funny.
du = de le, of the; some.
dur, ~e, harsh, hard.
dura (past def. of durer), lasted.
durci, ~e, hardened.
durement, harshly.
durer, to last.

eau, f., water.
éblouir, to dazzle.
éblouit (pres. ind. of éblouir), dazzles.
écarter, to open, spread open;
push aside, put aside.
éclairer, to light up.
éclata (past def. of éclater), burst.
éclater, to burst, burst out;
- ____ de rire, to burst out laughing;
- ____ en sanglots, to burst out sobbing.
éclatèrent (past def. of éclater), burst out.
écoute (imv. of écouter), listen.
écouter, to listen.
écrire, to write.[172]
écrirons (fut. of écrire), shall write.
écrit (p.p. of écrire), written.
écrivez (imv. of écrire), write.
écrivit (past def. of écrire), wrote.
écurie, f., stable.
effrontément, boldly.
eh bien! well!
élève, m. and f., pupil.
elle, she, it; her.
elles, they.
embarquer, to embark.
embarquez (imv. of embarquer), embark.
embarras, m., embarrassment.
embrasse (pres. ind. of embrasser), kisses.
embrasser, to embrace, kiss.
emmené (p.p. of emmener), taken away.
emmener, to take away, take.
emmenez (imv. of emmener), take away.
émotion, f., emotion.
emploi, m., use.
employé (p.p. of employer), used.
employer, to use.
employons (pres. ind. of employer), use.
empoigner, to grasp.
emporter, to carry away.
ému, ~e, excited, moved, affected.
en, prep., in, into, to, on, at, of, by;
- while;
- like a;
- ____ arrière, back;
- ____ avant, forward;
- ____ route, on the way;
- ____ route! let's start!
en, adv., from there.
en, pron., of it.
encadré, ~e, encircled.
enchanter, to charm.
encore, still, still more;
- again;
- yet.
encourageait (imp. of encourager), encouraged.
encourager, to encourage.
endimanché, ~e, dressed in one's Sunday clothes.
endroit, m., place.
enfant, m., child;
- ____ trouvé, foundling.
enfin, finally.
engagement, m., engagement.
engager, to engage.
enjamber, to stride over, step over.
enlever, to take away.
ennemi, m., enemy.
ennui, m., weariness.
ensanglanté, ~e, stained with blood.
ensemble, together.
entendirent (past def. of entendre), heard.
entendre, to hear.
enthousiaste, enthusiastic.
entourer, to surround, encircle.
entra (past def. of entrer), entered.
entraîner, to drag away, drag along;
- draw.
entre, prep., between, among;
- ____ parenthèses, in parenthesis.
entre (pres. ind. of entrer), enters.
entrée, f., entrance; appearance.
entrer (dans), to enter.
entretien, m., conversation.
envelopper, to surround, cover, wrap.
enverrai (fut. of envoyer), shall send.
envie, f., desire;
- avoir ____ de, to want, desire, feel like.
environs, m. pl., neighborhood, vicinity.[173]
envoie (pres. ind. of envoyer), sends.
envoyer, to send.
épaule, f., shoulder.
éprouver, to feel.
épuisé, ~e, exhausted.
errant, ~e, wandering.
errer, to wander.
es (pres. ind. of être), art, are.
escalader, to climb.
espérer, to hope.
esprit, m., intelligence, mind, cleverness.
essayer, to try.
est (pres. ind. of être), is;
- ____ à lui, belongs to him.
estomac, m., stomach.
et, and.
étable, f., stable.
étaient (imp. of être), were.
était (imp. of être), was;
- ____ entré, had entered.
étala (past def. of étaler), spread out.
étaler, to spread out.
état, m., state.
été (p.p. of être), been.
êtes (pres. ind. of être), are.
étoile, f., star;
- à la belle ____, in the open air;
- Place de l'Étoile, a square in Paris.
étrange, strange, foreign.
étranger, m., foreigner, stranger.
étrang-er, ~ère, foreign.
être, to be, belong.
étude, f., study.
étudier, to study.
eu (p.p. of avoir), had.
euphonie, f., euphony.
euphonique, euphonic.
eux, them;
- (droit) devant ____, straight ahead.
éveiller, to arouse.
évidemment, evidently.
évident, ~e, evident.
exactement, exactly.
exaspéré, ~e, exasperated.
excellent, ~e, excellent.
excessi-f, ~ve, excessive.
exciter, to urge on.
exécuté (p.p. of exécuter), executed.
exécuter, to perform, execute.
exécuterons (fut. of exécuter), will perform.
exemple, m., example.
exercer, to carry on.
exercice, m., exercise.
existence, f., existence;
- life.
explication, f., explanation.
expliquer, to explain.
exposé, ~e, exposed.
expression, f., expression.
exprimer, to express.
extraordinaire, extraordinary.

face, f., face;
- en ____, face to face.
facile, easy.
facilement, easily.
façon, f., way, manner.
faiblement, feebly.
faim, f., hunger;
- avoir ____, to be hungry.
fainéantise, f., idleness.
faire, to do, make;
- que ____? what was he to do?
fais (pres. ind. of faire), are doing.
fait, m., fact.
fait (pres. ind. of faire), does, is doing; makes.[174]
fait (p.p. of faire), done; made.
fallait (imp. of falloir), was necessary (to have).
falloir, to be necessary; must.
fameu-x, ~se, famous.
famili-er, ~ère, familiar.
famille, f., family.
farce, f., joke, trick.
fatigue, f., fatigue.
fatigué (p.p. of fatiguer), tired.
fatiguer, to tire.
faut (pres. ind. of falloir): il ____, one must, it is necessary, you must;
- il nous ____, we must.
faveur, f., ribbon;
- favor.
féerique, fairylike.
féliciter, to congratulate.
féminin, ~e, feminine.
femme, f., woman, wife;
- ____ de chambre, chambermaid.
fenêtre, f., window.
fer, m., iron;
- grille en ____, iron gate.
ferme, f., farm.
fermé, ~e, closed.
fermier, m., farmer.
fertile, fertile.
feu, m., fire.
feutre, m., felt;
- chapeau de ____, felt hat.
février, m., February.
fièrement, proudly.
fierté, f., pride.
fifre, m., fife;
- ____ en métal, metal fife.
figure, f., face.
filer, to glide.
fille, f., girl, daughter.
fils, m., son.
fin, f., end.
fini (p.p. of finir), finished.
finir, to finish, end.
finissaient (imp. of finir), ended.
finit (pres. ind. of finir), ends.
finit (past def. of finir), ended.
firent (past def. of faire), made;
- did.
fit (past def. of faire), made;
- did.
fixé, ~e, fixed, appointed.
flamme, f., flame.
fleur, f., flower;
- ____s en laine, woolen flowers.
fleuve, m., (large) river.
flocon, m., flake.
fluxion, f., inflammation;
- ____ de poitrine, inflammation of the lungs.
fois, f., time;
- deux ____, twice, two times;
- une ____, once.
fond, m., bottom.
force, f., strength.
forcer, to force.
forme, f., form, shape.
former, to form; train.
formidable, frightful.
fort, adv., very, very much.
fortement, vigorously, loudly.
fortune, f., fortune.
fou, folle, wild, furious.
fouet, m., whip.
fougère, f., fern.
fouiller, to search;
- feel, fumble.
foule, f., crowd.
fourchette, f., fork.
foyer, m., fireplace.
frais, fraîche, cool, fresh.
franc, m., franc.
français, ~e, French.
Français, m., Frenchman.
France, f., France.
frappe (pres. ind. of frapper), knocks.
frapper, to knock, strike; stamp.[175]
frénétiquement, frantically.
frère, m., brother.
friponnerie, f., trick.
froid, m., cold;
- prendre ____, to catch cold.
fromage, m., cheese.
front, m., forehead.
Frontignan, a city of France in the department of l'Hérault.
fructueu-x, ~se, fruitful;
- profitable.
fuite, f., flight;
- prendre la ____, to run away.
fumée, f., smoke.
fumer, to smoke.
furent (past def. of être), were.
furieu-x, ~se, furious.
fut (past def. of être), was.
futur, m., future.

gagner, to earn, win;
- get, reach.
gai, ~e, cheerful, gay.
galant, m., gentleman, beau.
galerie, f., balcony.
galonné, ~e, striped.
garçon, m., boy.
garde, f., guard;
- avoir la ____ de, to have charge of.
garde (pres. ind. of garder), looks after.
garder, to keep, guard, take care of, look after.
gare, f., station.
Garonne, a large river of France.
gauche, left.
général, m., general.
généralement, generally.
généreusement, generously.
généreu-x, ~se, generous.
Genève, Geneva.
genou, m., knee.
genre, m., gender.
gens, m. and f. pl., people.
Gentilly, a town near Paris.
gilet, m., vest.
gîte, m., lodging.
glacial, ~e, icy, freezing.
gloire, f., glory.
grâce, f., grace;
- ____ à, thanks to.
gracieusement, gracefully.
grade, m., grade, rank.
grammaire, f., grammar.
grand, ~e, big, great, large;
- ____s chemins, highways.
grange, f., barn.
grattement, m., scratching.
grave, serious, grave.
gravement, ceremoniously, solemnly.
gravité, f., gravity.
grêle, f., hail.
grille, f., gate;
- ____ en fer, iron gate.
grimace, f., face, grimace.
grimpant, ~e, climbing.
grimper, to climb.
gris, ~e, gray.
gros, ~se, big;
- le cœur ____, with heavy heart.
guérir, to recover.
guerre, f., war.
gueule, f., mouth.
guider, to guide; advise.

In the words marked with an asterisk (*), the h is aspirate.

habiller, to dress.
habillerai (fut. of habiller), shall dress.
habit, m., coat; pl., clothes.[176]
habitant, m., inhabitant.
habité, ~e, inhabited.
habitude, f., habit;
- avoir l'____ de, to be in the habit of.
habitué, ~e, accustomed.
habituel, ~le, habitual.
*hamac, m., hammock.
*harpe, f., harp.
*hasard, m., chance;
- au ____, at random.
*hâte, f., hurry;
- avoir ____ de, to be in a hurry to.
*haussant: en ____, shrugging.
*haut, ~e, high, erect.
*hauteur, f., height.
hélas! alas!
hésitation, f., hesitation.
hésiter, to hesitate.
heure, f., hour, time, o'clock;
- de bonne ____, early.
heureusement, fortunately.
heureu-x, ~se, happy, fortunate.
hier, yesterday.
hilarité, f., merriment.
histoire, f., story.
hiver, m., winter;
- tout l'____, the whole winter.
homme, m., man.
honnête, honest, good.
hôpital, m., hospital.
horizon, m., horizon.
hospice, m., asylum; home for foundlings.
hospitali-er, ~ère, hospitable.
hospitalité, f., hospitality.
hôtel, m., hotel.
huit, eight.
huitième, eighth.
*hurlement, m., howling.
*hutte, f., hut.

ici, here;
- par ____, this way.
idée, f., idea.
ignorant, ~e, ignorant.
il, he, it.
ils, they.
imbécile, m., fool.
imiter, to imitate.
immédiatement, immediately.
immense, immense.
immobile, motionless, still.
imparfait, m., imperfect.
impatient, ~e, impatient.
impératif, m., imperative.
importance, f., importance.
important, ~e, important.
importer, to matter;
- qu'importe! what does it matter!
impossible, impossible.
incapable, incapable.
incliner (s'), to bow.
indéfini, ~e, indefinite.
indicatif, m., indicative.
indifférent, ~e, indifferent.
indignation, f., indignation.
indiqué (p.p. of indiquer), indicated.
indiquer, to indicate.
indirect, ~e, indirect.
industrie, f., trade.
infinitif, m., infinitive.
infructueu-x, ~se, fruitless, futile.
inqui-et, ~ète, worried, restless, anxious.
insister, to insist.
installer, to install.
instant, m., moment.
instruction, f., instruction.
instrument, m., instrument.
intelligence, f., intelligence.
intelligent, ~e, intelligent.[177]
intention, f., intention;
- avoir l'____ de, to intend to.
intéressé, ~e, interested.
intérieur, ~e, inner.
interrogati-f, ~ve, interrogative.
interroger, to question.
interrompez (imv. of interrompre), interrupt.
interrompit (past def. of interrompre), interrupted.
interrompre, to interrupt.
intervention, f., interference.
intitulé, ~e, entitled.
inutile, useless.
invitation, f., invitation.
invité (p.p. of inviter), invited.
inviter, to invite.
invitez (imv. of inviter), invite.
irai (fut. of aller), shall go.
iras (fut. of aller), will go.
irréguli-er, ~ère, irregular.
Italie, f., Italy.
italien, ~ne, Italian.

j' = je.
jamais, ever;
- ne ... ____, never.
jambe, f., leg;
- donner des ____s, to give courage.
japper, to yelp.
jardin, m., garden.
jardinier, m., gardener.
jaune, yellow.
je, I.
Jérôme, Jerome.
jeter, to throw.
jeu, m., play, game;
- acting;
- ____ de physionomie, facial expression.
jeune, young.
joie, f., joy.
joli, ~e, pretty.
Joli-Cœur, the name of the monkey.
joue (imv. of jouer), play.
jouer, to play.
jouerons (fut. of jouer), shall play.
jour, m., day;
- par ____, a day;
- tous les ____s, every day;
- un beau ____, one fine day.
journée, f., day.
joyeusement, joyously.
joyeu-x, ~se, joyous, glad.
juge, m., judge.
jusqu'à, up to, as far as;
- until.
juste, just;
- au ____, exactly.

kilomètre, m., kilometer.

l' = le or la.
la, art., the.
la, pron., it, her.
là, adv., there;
- là-bas, down there, yonder;
- ce jour-là, that day.
lac, m., lake.
lacet, m., lace;
- en ____s, zigzag, winding.
lâcheté, f., cowardly act.
laine, f., wool;
- de ____, woolen.
laineu-x, ~se, woolly.
laissa (past def. of laisser), let.
laisser, to let, allow, leave;
- ____ voir, to betray.
laissez (imv. of laisser), let.
lait, m., milk.
lancer, to cast, hurl;
- blow (smoke).
langue, f., language.
large, large, big.
larme, f., tear.
le, art., the.
le, pron., it, him.[178]
leçon, f., lesson.
lecture, f., reading.
légèrement, nimbly.
légume, m., vegetable.
lendemain, m., next day;
- le ____ de, the day after.
les, art., the.
les, pron., them.
lettre, f., letter.
leur, pron., them; to them, for them.
leur, adj., their.
leva (past def. of lever), raised.
lever, to raise;
- se ____, to get up.
lèvre, f., lip.
librement, freely.
lieu, m., place;
- au ____ de, instead of.
lieue, f., league.
ligne, f., line;
- sur une même ____, single file.
linge, m., linen.
lire, to read.
lit, m., bed.
litre, m., liter.
livre, m., book.
logement, m., lodging.
loger, to dwell;
- on ne loge pas ici, we don't take lodgers here.
loin, far;
- ____ de, far from.
long, ~ue, long;
- carré ____, rectangle;
- tout le ____ de, all along, the whole length of.
longtemps, long, a long time;
- si ____, so long a time.
longuement, at length; a long time; for a long time.
lorsque, when.
louer, to hire, rent, loan, hire out.
louerait (pres. cond. of louer), would rent.
loup, m., wolf.
lugubre, dismal, gloomy.
lui, he, him; to him, to her;
- for him.
Lyon, a city of France in the department of le Rhône.

m' = me.
M. = monsieur, Mr.
ma (f. of mon), my.
madame, f., madam.
magnifique, magnificent.
mai, m., May.
maigre, meager.
main, f., hand.
maintenait (imp. of maintenir), maintained.
maintenant, now.
maintenir, to maintain.
maire, m., mayor.
mais, but.
maison, f., house.
maître, m., master, proprietor.
maîtresse, f., mistress.
mal, badly.
malade, m., invalid.
malade, sick.
maladie, f., sickness.
maladi-f, ~ve, sickly.
malgré, in spite of.
malheur, m., misfortune.
malheureusement, unfortunately.
malheureux, m., wretch.
malheureu-x, ~se, unhappy.
maman, f., mother, mamma.
mangeant (pres. part. of manger), eating.
manger, to eat.
manière, f., way.[179]
manifeste, manifest.
manoir, m., manor.
manquer, to be wanting.
marche, f., march, walk, walking.
marche (imv. of marcher), march.
marcher, to walk, march.
mari, m., husband.
marié, ~e, married.
marinier, m., boatman.
Marne, a river of France.
marque, f., mark; initial.
marqué (p.p. of marquer), marked off.
marquer, to mark.
masculin, ~e, masculine.
matières, f. pl., contents.
matin, m., morning;
- le ____, in the morning.
Mattia, a boy's name.
mauvais, ~e, bad.
me, me, to me.
méchant, ~e, wicked, bad.
médecin, m., physician.
Méditerranée, f., Mediterranean Sea.
meilleur, ~e, better.
mélancolique, melancholy.
même, adj., same.
même, adv., even.
menaçant, ~e, threatening.
mendiant, m., beggar.
mène (pres. ind. of mener), leads, takes.
mener, to take, lead.
mer, f., sea.
merci, thanks.
mère, f., mother.
merveilleu-x, ~se, marvelous.
mes (pl. of mon), my.
mesdames (pl. of madame), ladies.
messieurs (pl. of monsieur), gentlemen.
mesure, f., time;
- en ____, in time.
métal, m., metal.
mets (imv. of mettre), put.
mettez (imv. of mettre), put.
mettons (pres. ind. of mettre), put.
mettre, to put, set.
meurt (pres. ind. of mourir), dies.
midi, m., noon; south (of France).
miennes (les), mine.
mieux, better.
milieu, m., middle;
- au ____ de, in the middle of.
mine, f., face.
minute, f., minute.
misérable, miserable.
misère, f., poverty, distress.
mit (past def. of mettre), put.
modèle, m., model.
modeste, modest.
moi, I, me; to me.
moins, less.
mois, m., month.
moitié, f., half;
- à ____, half.
moment, m., moment.
mon, ma, mes, my.
monde, m., world, people;
- tout le ____, everybody.
monsieur, m., sir, gentleman, Mr.
montagne, f., mountain.
monter, to mount, go up.
Montereau, a city of France in the department of Seine-et-Marne.
Montpellier, a city of France in the department of l'Hérault.
montre, f., watch.
montrer, to show;
- se ____, to show one's self.
morceau, m., piece.
mort, f., death.[180]
mort (p.p. of mourir), dead;
- died;
- était ____, had died;
- est ____, died.
mortel, ~le, fatal.
mot, m., word.
motif, m., motive.
mourait (imp. of mourir), was dying.
mourir, to die.
mourut (past def. of mourir), died.
mouton, m., sheep.
mouvement, m., movement.
muet, ~te, silent.
muraille, f., wall.
murmure, m., murmur.
murmurer, to murmur.
museau, m., nose; snout.
museler, to muzzle.
muselière, f., muzzle.
musicien, m., musician.
musique, f., music.
mystère, m., mystery.

n' = ne.
naissance, f., birth.
narration, f., narration.
nationalité, f., nationality.
nature, f., nature.
navigable, navigable.
navire, m., ship.
ne, not;
- ____ ... jamais, never;
- ____ ... pas, not;
- ____ ... plus, no longer, not any more, never again;
- ____ ... rien, nothing.
nécessaire, necessary.
nécessité, f., necessity.
négati-f, ~ve, negative.
neige, f., snow.
neuf, nine.
neuvième, ninth.
nez, m., nose;
- au ____ de, in the face of;
- regarder sous le ____, to stare in the face.
ni, conj., neither, nor; either, or.
Nîmes, a city of France in the department of le Gard.
Nivernais, a former province of France.
noble, noble.
noblesse, f., nobility.
noce, f., wedding party, wedding.
noir, ~e, black.
nom, m., noun; name.
nombre, m., number.
nombreu-x, ~se, numerous, large.
nommé (p.p. of nommer), called.
nommer, to name, call.
nommez (imv. of nommer), name.
non, no, not;
- ____ pas, not.
nos (pl. of notre), our.
notre, nos, our.
noué, ~e, tied.
nourrice, f., nurse, foster mother.
nourrir, to feed, nourish.
nourriture, f., food.
nous, we, us; for us.
nouveau, nouvelle, new.
nouveauté, f., novelty.
nouveaux, pl. of nouveau.
nouvelle, f., piece of news.
nuage, m., cloud.
nuit, f., night.
nullement, not at all, by no means.
numéral, ~e, numeral.
numéro, m., number.

obéir (à), to obey.
obéissance, f., obedience.
obéissant, ~e, obedient.[181]
obligé (p.p. of obliger), obliged.
obliger, to oblige, force.
obscurité, f., darkness.
observation, f., observation;
- en ____, on the lookout.
occuper, to occupy.
œil, m., eye.
offre (pres. ind. of offrir), offers.
offrir, to offer.
oh! oh!
ombragé, ~e, shaded.
omis, ~e, omitted.
on, they, you, we; people.
oncle, m., uncle.
ont (pres. ind. of avoir), have.
onze, eleven.
onzième, eleventh.
or, m; gold.
ordinaire, usual, customary.
ordinairement, ordinarily.
ordonner, to order.
oreille, f., ear.
orné, ~e, decorated, adorned.
os, m., bone.
ou, conj., or.
où, adv., where, when;
- par ____, how, which way.
oublier, to forget.
oui, yes.
ouvert (p.p. of ouvrir), open, opened.
ouvrage, m., work.
ouvre (pres. ind. of ouvrir), opens.
ouvrez (imv. of ouvrir), open.
ouvrir, to open.

paille, f., straw.
pain, m., bread.
pâle, pale.
pâli (p.p. of pâlir), grown pale.
pâlir, to grow pale.
pantalon, m., pair of trousers.
pantomime, f., pantomime.
papillon, m., butterfly.
par, by, in, on, with, through, for the sake of;
- ____ ici, this way;
- ____ jour, a day;
- ____ où, how, which way.
paraît (pres. ind. of paraître), appears.
paraître, to appear.
paralysé, ~e, paralyzed.
parce que, because.
pareil, ~le, such.
parenthèse, f., parenthesis;
- entre ____s, in parenthesis.
parents, m. pl., parents.
parfait, ~e, perfect.
parfaitement, perfectly.
Paris, Paris, capital of France.
parlait (imp. of parler), did speak, spoke.
parler, to speak.
parmi, among.
parole, f., word.
part, f., share.
partager, to divide; share.
participe, m., participle.
particuli-er, ~ère, special.
partie, f., part.
partir, to leave, go away.
partiti-f, ~ve, partitive.
partons (pres. ind. of partir), leave.
partons (imv. of partir), let us go.
partout, everywhere.
parut (past def. of paraître), appeared.
pas, m., stride, step, dance;
- à grands ____, with big strides.
pas, adv., not, no;
- ne ... ____, not;
- non ____, not.[182]
passa (past def. of passer), passed.
passage, m., lane; arcade.
passe (imv. of passer), pass.
passé, m., past.
passé, ~e, adj., past.
passent (pres. ind. of passer), pass by.
passer, to pass, pass by, spend;
- ____ dans les cerceaux, to jump through hoops.
passerons (fut. of passer), shall pass.
patte, f., paw, leg;
- ____s de devant, front paws;
- ____s de derrière, hind paws.
Pau, a city of France in the department of les Basses-Pyrénées.
pauvre, poor.
payer, to pay.
pays, m., country.
paysan, m., peasant.
peau, f., skin;
- ____ de mouton, sheepskin.
penché, ~e, leaning.
pendant, prep., during, for.
pendant que, conj., while.
pensait (imp. of penser), was thinking.
pensée, f., thought.
penser, to think.
pente, f., slope.
perçant, ~e, piercing, shrill.
perdra (fut. of perdre), will lose.
perdre, to lose.
perdu (p.p. of perdre), lost.
père, m., father.
permettre, to permit.
permission, f., permission.
personne, f., person; pl., people.
personne, pron., anyone;
- ne ... ____, nobody.
personnel, ~le, personal.
petit, m., little one.
petit, ~e, little, small.
peu, m., little.
peur, f., fear;
- avoir ____, to be afraid.
peut (pres. ind. of pouvoir), can.
peut-être, perhaps.
peux (pres. ind. of pouvoir), can.
phrase, f., sentence.
physionomie, f., countenance, face;
- jeu de ____, facial expression.
pièce, f., piece, play.
pied, m., foot.
pire, worse.
place, f., place, seat; square.
place (imv. of placer), place;
- place-toi, place yourself.
placer, to put, place;
- se ____, to place one's self.
plaçons (pres. ind. of placer), place.
plaine, f., plain.
plainti-f, ~ve, plaintive.
plaisance, f., pleasure;
- bateau de ____, pleasure boat.
plaisir, m., pleasure.
plan, m., plan.
planche, f., board.
plante, f., plant.
platane, m., sycamore, plane tree.
plein, ~e, full;
- en ____ air, in the open air.
pleurer, to cry, weep.
pluie, f., rain.
plume, f., feather.
plumet, m., feather.
plupart (la), most.
pluriel, plural.[183]
plus, more;
- ne ... ____, no longer;
- ____ d'une heure, more than one hour;
- ____ longtemps, longer, any longer.
plusieurs, several.
poche, f., pocket.
poignet, m., wrist.
poil, m., hair, fur.
poing, m., fist;
- coup de ____, punch.
poitrine, f., breast;
- fluxion de ____, inflammation of the lungs.
police, f., police.
pont, m., deck, bridge.
portaient (imp. of porter), wore.
porte, f., door, gate;
- de ____ en ____, from door to door.
porte (pres. ind. of porter), brings.
porter, to bring, carry, bear; wear.
pose, f., pose.
posé (p.p. of poser), placed.
poser, to put; place.
positif, m., positive.
positi-f, ~ve, positive.
position, f., position.
possessi-f, ~ve, possessive.
possession, f., possession.
possible, possible.
poste, m., station house.
pour, prep., for, to, in order to.
pour que, conj., so that, in order that.
pourquoi, why.
poursuivi (p.p. of poursuivre), pursued.
poursuivre, to pursue.
pousser, to push.
pouvez (pres. ind. of pouvoir), can.
pouvoir, to be able; can.
pouvons (pres. ind. of pouvoir), can.
pratique, practical.
précaution, f., precaution.
précéder, to precede.
précipiter, to hasten.
préférence, f., preference;
- de ____, in preference.
préférer, to prefer.
premi-er, ~ère, first.
prenait (imp. of prendre), took.
prenant (pres. part. of prendre), taking.
prend (pres. ind. of prendre), takes.
prendre, to take, assume.
prends (imv. of prendre), take.
prennent (pres. ind. of prendre), take.
préparer, to prepare.
préparez (imv. of préparer), prepare.
préposition, f., preposition.
près de, near;
- de près, closely;
- de plus près, closer, nearer.
présent, ~e, present.
présenter, to introduce, present, hold out;
- se ____, to appear, come, present one's self.
présentez (imv. of présenter), introduce.
presque, almost.
prêt, ~e, ready.
principal, ~e, principal.
principaux (pl. of principal), principal.
printemps, m., spring.
pris (p.p. of prendre), taken, assumed.
prison, f., prison; imprisonment.
prit (past. def. of prendre), took, assumed.
prix, m., price.
procurer, to secure.
profaner, to profane.[184]
programme, m., program.
promenade, f., walk, trip, promenade.
promener (se), to walk.
promesse, f., promise.
promet (pres. ind. of promettre), promises.
promets (pres. ind. of promettre), promise.
promettre, to promise.
promis (p.p. of promettre), promised.
promit (past def. of promettre), promised.
prompt, ~e, quick.
pronom, m., pronoun.
propice, favorable.
proposer, to propose, offer.
proposition, f., proposition; clause.
propriétaire, m. and f., proprietor.
Providence, f., Providence.
province, f., province, country.
provoquer, to arouse, excite, provoke.
public, m., public, people, audience.
publi-c, ~que, public.
puis, then, afterward.
puis (pres. ind. of pouvoir), can.
puisque (puisqu'), since.
puni (p.p. of punir), punished.
punir, to punish.
punition, f., punishment.
pur, ~e, pure, clear.
Pyrénées, a chain of mountains between France and Spain.

qu' = que.
quadrille, m., quadrille.
quai, m., wharf.
quand, when.
quantité, f., quantity.
quarante, forty.
quarante et unième, forty-first.
quarantième, fortieth.
quart, m., quarter.
quartier, m., quarter, locality.
quatorzième, fourteenth.
quatre, four.
quatrième, fourth.
que, pron., what, which, whom;
- ____ faire? what was he to do?
que, conj., that, than, when, as.
quel, ~le, what.
quelque, some;
- ____s, some, a few;
- ____ chose, something.
quelqu'un, some one.
qu'est-ce que (qui), what.
question, f., question.
questionner, to question.
queue, f., end.
qui, who, whom, which.
quinzième, fifteenth.
quitte (imv. of quitter), leave.
quitter, to leave.
quoi, what.

raconter, to relate, tell.
raison, f., reason.
rang, m., rank.
rapidement, quickly.
rapporter, to bring back.
réalité, f., reality.
recette, f., receipt; collection.
recevoir, to receive.
recherche, f., search;
à la ____, in search.
réclamation, f., protest, expostulation.[185]
réclament (pres. ind. of réclamer), claim.
réclamer, to claim.
reçois (pres. ind. of recevoir), receive.
recommencer, to begin again.
récompense, f., reward.
reconnais (pres. ind. of reconnaître), recognize.
reconnaître, to recognize.
redoubler, to redouble.
réfléchir, to reflect.
refus, m., refusal.
refuser, to refuse.
regard, m., look.
regarda (past def. of regarder), looked at.
regarde (imv. of regarder), look.
regarder, to look at, look.
règle, f., rule.
règlement, m., regulation.
régler, to settle.
regretter, to regret.
réguli-er, ~ère, regular.
rejetant (pres. part. of rejeter), throwing.
rejeter, to throw.
relati-f, ~ve, relative.
remercier, to thank.
Remi, a boy's name.
remonter, to go up.
remplaçant (pres. part. of remplacer), replacing.
remplacer, to replace.
remplir, to fill.
rempliras (fut. of remplir), will fill.
remplissait (imp. of remplir), filled.
remuer, to move.
rencontrer, to meet; strike.
rendait (imp. of rendre), made.
rendre, to make, render; return, restore.
rendrez (fut. of rendre), will render.
renseignement, m., information.
rentre (imv. of rentrer), return.
rentrer, to return; reënter.
renversé (p.p. of renverser), upset.
renverser, to throw over.
repas, m., meal.
répertoire, m., repertoire, stock of plays.
répété (p.p. of répéter), repeated.
répéter, to repeat.
répétition, f., rehearsal.
répondez (imv. of répondre), answer.
répondit (past def. of répondre), answered.
répondre, to answer;
- sans ____, without answering.
répondu (p.p. of répondre), answered.
réponse, f., answer.
repos, m., rest.
reprendre, to resume, take again.
représentant, m., representative.
représentation, f., performance.
représenter, to present, perform, represent.
respectueu-x, ~se, respectful.
respirer, to breathe.
ressembler (à), to resemble.
ressource, f., resource.
restaurateur, m., hotel keeper.
rester, to remain.
resterons (fut. of rester), shall remain.
retour, m., return.
retourner, to return; go again.[186]
retrouver, to find again, find.
réuni, ~e, reunited.
réunion, f., reunion.
rêve, m., dream.
réveillé, ~e, awakened.
revenir, to come back.
reviendra (fut. of revenir), will come back.
reviens (pres. ind. of revenir), come back.
revoir, to see again.
revue, f., review.
Rhône, a river of France.
riait (imp. of rire), laughed.
riche, rich.
rien, nothing;
- ne ... ____, nothing.
rire, m., laughter;
- éclater de ____, to burst out laughing.
rire, to laugh.
rivage, m., shore.
rivière, f., river.
rôle, m., rôle, part.
rouge, red.
rougir, to blush.
roula (past def. of rouler), rolled.
rouler, to roll.
route, f., road;
- en ____, on the way;
- en ____! let's start!
rouvrir, to open again.
rouvrit (past def. of rouvrir), opened again.
ruban, m., ribbon.
rude, rough, hard; severe.
rue, f., street.
ruine, f., ruin.

s' = si or se.
sa (f. of son), his, her, its.
sabot, m., wooden shoe.
sac, m., knapsack.
sachant (pres. part. of savoir), knowing.
Saint-Antoine, Saint Anthony.
sais (pres. ind. of savoir), know, do know how.
saison, f., season.
sait (pres. ind. of savoir), knows, knows how.
salle, f., room; hall.
salon, m., parlor.
saluer, to salute, bow to.
saluez (imv. of saluer), salute.
sang, m., blood.
sanglot, m., sob.
sans, without.
Saône, a river of France.
satisfait, ~e, satisfied.
sauter, to jump.
sauvé, ~e, saved.
savant, ~e, trained, learned.
savez (pres. ind. of savoir), know.
savoir, to know, know how.
scène, f., scene; stage.
se, himself, herself, itself; themselves; one's self.
sébile, f., wooden bowl.
second, ~e, second.
seconde, f., second.
secours, m., aid, help.
secret, m., secret.
Seine, a river of France passing through Paris.
seizième, sixteenth.
séjour, m., abode.
selon, according to.
semaine, f., week.
sembler, to seem.
sens, m., sense, meaning.
sentence, f., sentence.
sentiment, m., opinion.[187]
sentir, to feel.
séparation, f., separation.
septième, seventh.
sera (fut. of être), will be;
- ____ arrivé, will have arrived.
serait (pres. cond. of être), would be.
sergent de ville, m., policeman.
sérieusement, seriously.
sérieu-x, ~se, serious.
serré (p.p. of serrer), thick.
serrer, to tighten, hold tight.
servi (p.p. of servir), set, spread.
service, m., service.
serviette, f., napkin.
servir, to serve.
ses (pl. of son), his, her, its.
seul, ~e, alone, only.
seulement, only.
Seyssel, a city of France in the department of l'Ain.
si, conj., if.
si, adv., so.
sienne (la), his.
siffler, to whistle for, whistle.
signal, m., signal.
signe, m., sign.
signifier, to mean.
signor (Italian), Mr.
signora (Italian), Madam.
silence, m., silence.
simple, simple.
simplement, simply.
singe, m., monkey.
singuli-er, ~ère, singular.
situation, f., situation.
situé, ~e, situated.
six, six.
sixième, sixth.
société, f., company.
soie, f., silk.
soigne (pres. ind. of soigner), takes care of.
soigner, to take care of, look after.
soigneusement, carefully.
soin, m., care.
soir, m., evening;
- ce soir-là, that evening.
soit (imv. of être), be.
soixantième, sixtieth.
soleil, m., sun.
somme, f., sum.
sommes (pres. ind. of être), are.
sommet, m., summit.
son, m., sound.
son, sa, ses, his, her, its.
sont (pres. ind. of être), are.
sorte, f., sort, kind.
sorti (p.p. of sortir), gone out;
- étaient ____s, had gone out.
sortir, to go out, come out.
sortira (fut. of sortir), will come out.
sortirent (past def. of sortir), went out.
sortit (past def. of sortir), went out.
sou, m., cent, penny;
- trois sous de pain, three cents' worth of bread.
souffle, m., breath.
souffler, to blow.
soufflet, m., slap.
souffrance, f., suffering.
soulever, to raise.
soulier, m., shoe.
soupe, f., soup.
souper, m., supper.
sous, under.
souvent, often.
soyez (imv. of être), be;
- ____ tranquille, don't worry.
spectacle, m., show, spectacle;
- salle de ____, hall.[188]
spectateur, m., spectator.
stupide, stupid.
stupidité, f., stupidity.
style, m., style.
succès, m., success.
successeur, m., successor.
successivement, in succession.
suffire, to suffice, be sufficient.
suffisait (imp. of suffire), was sufficient.
suffisant, ~e, sufficient, sufficiently large.
suis (pres. ind. of être), am.
Suisse, f., Switzerland.
suit (pres. ind. of suivre), follows.
suite, f., sequel;
- tout de ____, at once, immediately.
suivant, ~e, following.
suivez (imv. of suivre), follow.
suivi (p.p. of suivre), followed.
suivre, to follow.
sujet, m., subject; member.
superbe, superb.
supérieur, ~e, superior.
superlatif, m., superlative.
superlati-f, ~ve, superlative.
supplémentaire, supplementary.
sur, on, over, upon, at.
sûr, ~e, sure, certain.
sûrement, certainly, surely.
surmonté, ~e, surmounted.
surpris, ~e, surprised.
surprise, f., surprise.
sursaut: en ____, with a start.
surtout, above all, especially.

t' = te.
ta (f. of ton), thy, your.
table, f., table.
taille, f., waist; figure.
talon, m., heel.
tant (de), so much, so many.
tante, f., aunt.
tantôt, adv., soon;
- ____ ... ____, sometimes ... sometimes; now ... now.
tas, m., heap.
te, thee, to thee; you, to you.
tempête, f., storm.
temps, m., time, tense; weather;
- de ____ en ____, from time to time;
- combien de ____, how long.
tenait (imp. of tenir), was holding.
tend (pres. ind. of tendre), holds out.
tendre, to hold out.
tendre, adj., tender, loving, gentle.
tendrement, tenderly.
tendu (p.p. of tendre), outstretched.
tenir, to hold, keep.
terminaison, f., ending.
terminé (p.p. of terminer), ended, ending.
terminer, to end.
terre, f., ground, earth.
terrible, terrible.
terriblement, terribly.
tes (pl. of ton), thy, your.
tête, f., head.
théâtre, m., theater.
thème, m., theme.
tiède, warm, lukewarm.
tienne (la), yours.
tirer, to pull out, draw out.
tison, m., brand.
titre, m., title.
toi, thou, you;
- to you;
- toi-même, yourself.
tomba (past def. of tomber), fell.[189]
tomber, to fall;
- étaient tombés, had fallen.
ton, m., tone.
ton, ta, tes, thy, your.
toucher, to receive (money); touch.
toujours, always, continually, ever;
- still.
Toulouse, a city of France in the department of la Haute-Garonne.
tour, m., turn;
- trick.
tourbillonner, to whirl.
tourelle, f., turret.
tourna (past def. of tourner), turned.
tourné (p.p. of tourner), turned.
tourner, to turn;
- se ____, to turn.
tous (pl. of adj. tout), all.
tout, ~e, adj., all, every;
- ____ le long de, all along;
- ____ le monde, everybody;
- tous les jours, every day.
tout, adv., wholly, entirely;
- ____ à coup, suddenly;
- ____ de suite, at once, immediately.
tout, pron., everything.
toute (f. of adj. tout), all.
traduire, to translate.
traduisons (pres. ind. of traduire), translate.
traînait (imp. of traîner), was dragging.
traîner, to drag.
trajet, m., journey.
tranquille, at ease, quiet, still, calm, easy.
tranquillement, quietly.
transparent, ~e, transparent.
transporté (p.p. of transporter), carried.
transporter, to carry.
travail, m., work.
travailler, to work.
travers: à ____, through.
traverser, to cross, travel through.
treizième, thirteenth.
trembler, to tremble.
trente, thirty.
trente-cinq, thirty-five.
trente et unième, thirty-first.
trentième, thirtieth.
très, very.
tribunal, m., court.
triomphal, ~e, triumphal.
triomphe, m., triumph.
triste, sad.
tristement, sadly.
tristesse, f., sadness, dreariness.
trois, three.
troisième, third.
trop, too.
troupe, f., troupe.
trouve (pres. ind. of trouver), finds.
trouver, to find.
trouverait (pres. cond. of trouver), would find.
Troyes, a city of France in the department of l'Aube.
tu, thou, you.

un, une, one;
- a, an.
uniforme, m., uniform.
Ussel, a city of France in the department of la Corrèze.
utile, useful.

va (imv. of aller), go.
va (pres. ind. of aller), goes.
vache, f., cow.[190]
vais (pres. ind. of aller), am going.
valeur, f., value.
vallée, f., valley.
valse, f., waltz.
valser, to waltz.
variété, f., variety.
veille, f., day before.
veine, f., vein.
velours, m., velvet.
vend (pres. ind. of vendre), sells.
vendre, to sell.
venir, to come.
vent, m., wind.
venu (p.p. of venir), come.
véranda, f., veranda.
verbe, m., verb.
véritable, real, true.
vérité, f., truth.
verre, m., glass.
vers, towards.
vert, ~e, green.
veste, f., sack coat, coat.
vêtements, m. pl., clothes.
vêtu, ~e, dressed.
veut (pres. ind. of vouloir), want.
veux (pres. ind. of vouloir), wish;
- je ____ dire, I mean.
Vevey, a city on Lake Geneva.
viande, f., meat.
vider, to empty.
vie, f., living, life;
- en ____, alive.
vieillard, m., old man.
vieille, f., old woman.
vieille (f. of adj. vieux), old.
vieilli, ~e, grown old, older.
viendra (fut. of venir), will come.
vieux, m., old man.
vieux, vieil, vieille, old.
vif, vive, keen.
vigoureu-x, ~se, vigorous.
vilain, ~e, ugly.
villa, f., villa.
village, m., village.
ville, f., city.
vin, m., wine.
vingt, twenty.
vingt et unième, twenty-first.
vingt-huit, twenty-eight.
vingtième, twentieth.
vint (past def. of venir), came.
violence, f, violence;
- avec ____, violently.
violon, m., violin.
virent (past def. of voir), saw.
visage, m., face.
visite, f., visit.
visiter, to visit.
Vitalis, a man's name.
vite, quickly.
vitré, ~e, enclosed in glass.
vivement, quickly.
vivrai (fut. of vivre), shall live.
vivre, to live.
vocabulaire, m., vocabulary.
voici, here is.
voilà, that is, there is.
voir, to see;
- laisser ____, to betray.
vois (pres. ind. of voir), see.
voisin, m., neighbor.
voisin, ~e, neighboring.
voit (pres. ind. of voir), sees.
voiture, f., carriage.
voix, f., voice.
vol, m., theft.
volé (p.p. of voler), stolen.
voler, to steal.
vos (pl. of votre), your.
votre, vos, your.
voulait (imp. of vouloir), wanted, wished.
voulez (pres. ind. of vouloir), wish, want.[191]
vouloir, to want, wish.
voulut (past def. of vouloir), wanted, wished.
vous, you, to you.
voyage, m., trip.
voyager, to travel.
voyagera (fut. of voyager), will travel.
voyageur, m., traveler.
voyait (imp. of voir), saw.
voyelle, f., vowel.
vrai, ~e, true, real.
vu (p.p. of voir), seen.
vue, f., sight.

y, adv., here, there;
- il y a, there is, there are; ago;
- il y avait, there was; there were.
y, pron., to it.
yeux (pl. of œil), eyes.
Yonne, a river of France.

Zerbino, a dog's name.

ANGLAIS-FRANÇAIS

[193] A

a, un, une.
abandon, abandonner.
abandoned, abandonné, ~e.
absolutely, absolument.
accept, accepter.
accident, accident, m.
account, compte, m.
actor, acteur, m.
address, adresse, f.
advice, conseil, m.
affected, ému, ~e.
affectionately, affectueusement.
afraid: be ____, avoir peur.
after, après.
again, encore.
agent, agent, m.
air, air, m.;
- in the open ____, à la belle étoile.
all, tout, ~e; pl., tous, toutes.
alone, seul, ~e.
along: all ____, tout le long de.
also, aussi.
always, toujours.
amusing, amusant, ~e.
an, un, une.
and, et.
animal, animal, m.
announce, annoncer.
announces, annonce.
answer, répondre.
answered, répondit.
anxiety, inquiétude, f.
anxious, inqui-et, ~ète.
arm, bras, m.
around, autour de.
arrest, arrêter.
arrive, arriver.
arrives, arrive.
artist, artiste, m.
as, aussi; que; comme.
ask, demander;
- ____ for, demander.
asylum, hospice, m.
at, à.
attention, attention, f.
audience, public, m.

bad, méchant, ~e; mauvais, ~e.
baker, boulanger, m.
bank, bord, m.;
- on the ____, au bord.
barn, grange, f.
be, être;
- ____ present, assister.
beautiful, beau, belle.
because, parce que.
begin, commencer (à);
- ____ again, recommencer.
behind, derrière.
best: the ____, le meilleur.
better, adj., meilleur, ~e; adv. mieux.
blanket, couverture, f.
blue, bleu, ~e.
boat, bateau, m.
boatman, marinier, m.
bone, os, m.[194]
bottom, fond, m.
boy, garçon, m.
branch, branche, f.
bravo! bravo!
bread, pain, m.
breakfast, noun, déjeuner, m.
breakfast, verb, déjeuner.
bring, porter; amener; apporter.
brings, porte.
brother, frère, m.
burst out laughing, éclater de rire.
business, affaires, f. pl.
but, mais.
buy, acheter.

café, café, m.
call, appeler.
called, appelé, ~e; nommé, ~e.
canal, canal, m.
care, soin, m.;
- take ____, prendre soin.
carry, porter;
- ____ away, emporter.
cause, verb, causer.
cent, sou, m.
certainly, certainement.
chat, causer.
child, enfant, m. and f.
city, ville, f.
clever, intelligent, ~e.
cold, froid, m.
come, venir;
- ____ now! allons!
- we ____, nous venons.
comedian, comédien, m.
comedy, comédie, f.
company, société, f.
complete, compl-et, ~ète.
comrade, camarade, m.
continue, continuer.
conversation, conversation, f.
costume, costume, m.
country, pays, m.
courage, courage, m.
cow, vache, f.
cross, traverser.
cry out, crier.
curiosity, curiosité, f.
curious, curieu-x, ~se.

dance, noun, danse, f.
dance, verb, danser.
day, jour, m.;
- every ____, tous les jours;
- next ____, lendemain, m.;
- a ____, par jour.
dead, mort, ~e.
dear, cher, chère.
deck, pont, m.
desire, verb, désirer.
die, mourir.
died, mourut.
difficult, difficile (de).
dinner, dîner, m.
disappeared, disparu, ~e.
discouraged, découragé, ~e.
doctor, médecin, m.
dog, chien, m.
door, porte, f.
down there, là-bas.
during, pendant.

early, de bonne heure.
earn, gagner.
eat, manger.
eight, huit.
empty, vide.
enemy, ennemi, m.
engage, engager.
England, Angleterre, f.
English, anglais, ~e.
Englishwoman, Anglaise f.[195]
enough, assez (de, d').
enter, entrer; entrer dans.
enthusiastic, enthousiaste.
ever, jamais.
every, chaque;
- ____ day, tous les jours.
everybody, tout le monde.
everything, tout.
everywhere, partout.
evidently, évidemment.

face, figure, f.; mine, f.
fairylike, féerique.
faithful, fidèle.
fall, verb, tomber.
family, famille, f.
famous, fameu-x, ~se.
far from, loin de (d').
farmyard, cour (f.) d'une ferme.
farther, plus loin.
father, père, m.
favorite, favori, ~te.
feather, plume, f.
few: a ____, quelques;
- so ____, si peu.
finally, enfin.
find, trouver; retrouver.
finds, trouve.
finish, finir.
fire, feu, m.
fireplace, foyer, m.
first, premi-er, ~ère.
followed, suivi, ~e.
foot, pied, m.
for, prep., pour; pendant.
for, conj., car.
foreign, étrang-er, ~ère.
forget, oublier.
form, verb, former.
fortunately, heureusement.
France, France, f.
frank, franc, franche.
French, français, ~e.
friend, ami, m.
from, de;
- ____ there, en.
front: in ____ of, devant.

garden, jardin, m.
gate, porte, f.
general, général, m.
get, chercher.
girl, fille, f.
give, donner.
gives, donne.
go, aller;
- ____ away, partir.
good, bon, bonne.
gracefully, gracieusement.
great, grand, ~e.
green, vert, ~e.
guess, verb, deviner.

hand, main, f.
happiness, bonheur, m.
happy, heureu-x, ~se.
harp, *harpe, f.
harshly, durement.
hat, chapeau, m.
have, avoir.
he, il.
head, chef, m.
hear, entendre.
her, adj., son, sa, ses.
her, pron., la (l'); lui.
here, ici;
- ____ is, voici.
hill, colline, f.
him, le; lui.
his, son, sa, ses.
hope, verb, espérer;
- I ____, j'espère.
hospital, hôpital, m.
host, hôte, m.[196]
hotel, hôtel, m.
hour, heure, f.
house, maison, f.;
- at or to the ____ of, chez.
how, comment;
- ____ many, combien de.
hungry: be ____, avoir faim.
hurry: be in a ____ to, avoir hâte de.
husband, mari, m.
hut, *hutte, f.

I, je (j').
if, si (s').
illness, maladie, f.
immediately, tout de suite; immédiatement.
important, important, ~e.
in, dans; en; à.
increase, verb, augmenter.
inn, auberge, f.
innkeeper, aubergiste, m.
instead of, au lieu de (with inf.).
intelligent, intelligent, ~e.
interesting, intéressant, ~e.
intervention, intervention, f.
into, dans.
introduce, présenter.
invite, inviter (à).
it, il, elle, ce (c');
- of ____, en;
- to ____, y.
Italian, italien, ~ne.
its, son, sa, ses.

Jerome, Jérôme.
journey, voyage, m.; chemin, m.
joy, joie, f.
joyously, joyeusement.
jump, verb, sauter.

keep, garder.
kind, aimable.
kiss, embrasser; baiser.
knock, frapper.
know savoir;
- if I knew, si je savais.

lady, dame, f.
lake, lac, m.;
- Lake Geneva, lac de Genève.
large, grand, ~e; abondant, ~e.
last, verb, durer.
last, adj., derni-er, ~ère.
last: at ____, enfin.
lead, mener.
leader, chef, m.
leave, quitter.
left, gauche, f.
lesson, leçon, f.
letter, lettre, f.
life, vie, f.
light, verb, allumer.
like, aimer.
liter, litre, m.
little, petit, ~e;
- a ____, un peu de (d').
live, demeurer; vivre.
lives, demeure.
living, vie, f.
lodging, gîte, m.
long, adj., long, ~ue; adv., longtemps;
- a ____ time, longtemps.
look, look at, regarder.
look, look for, chercher.
look after, soigner.
looks after, soigne.
lose, perdre.
love, aimer.[197]

Madam, madame, f.
make, faire; rendre.
man, homme, m.;
- old ____, vieillard, m.
many, beaucoup (de).
master, maître, m.
me, me (m'); moi.
meal, repas, m.
meat, viande, f.
Mediterranean, Méditerranée, f.
meet, rencontrer.
member, sujet, m.; membre, m.
middle, milieu, m.;
- in the ____ of, au milieu de.
milk, lait, m.
mind, verb, garder.
minds, garde.
mine, le mien, la mienne; pl., les miens, les miennes.
moment, moment, m.
money, argent, m.
monkey, singe, m.
month, mois, m.
more, plus.
most: the ____, le plus.
mother, mère, f.
mountain, montagne, f.
Mr., M.
much, beaucoup;
- so ____, tant.
music, musique, f.
musician, musicien, m.
must: I, we, or you ____, il faut.
muzzle, muselière, f.
my, mon, ma, mes.

name, nom, m.
near, près de.
necessary, nécessaire.
need, besoin, m.;
- be in ____ of, avoir besoin de.
neighbor, voisin, m.
neighboring, voisin, ~e.
new, nouveau, nouvelle.
news, nouvelle, f.
next day, lendemain, m.
night, nuit, f.;
- that ____, cette nuit-là.
no, non.
noon, midi, m.
not, ne ... pas; pas.
nothing, ne ... rien.
notice, remarquer; apercevoir.
now, maintenant.
nurse, nourrice, f.

obedient, obéissant, ~e.
obey, obéir (à).
oblige, obliger (à).
of, de (d').
old, vieux, vieille.
old man, vieillard, m.
on, sur; à.
one, un, une;
- the ____, celui, celle.
only, adj., seul, ~e; adv., seulement.
open, verb, ouvrir.
open: in the ____ air, à la belle étoile.
opens, ouvre.
or, ou.
other, autre.
our, notre, nos.

parents, parents, m. pl.
Paris, Paris.
paw, patte, f.
peasant, paysan, m.
penny, sou, m.[198]
perceive, apercevoir.
perfect, parfait, ~e.
performance, représentation, f.
piece, morceau, m.
place, place, f.
play, noun, pièce, f.
play, verb, jouer.
pleased, content (de).
pocket, poche, f.
policeman, agent, m.; sergent de ville, m.
poodle, caniche, m.
poor, pauvre.
possible, possible.
poverty, misère, f.
prepare, préparer.
present, noun, cadeau, m.
present: be ____, assister.
pretty, joli, ~e.
prison, prison, f.
profit, bénéfice, m.
proposition, proposition, f.
public, publi-c, ~que.
purse, bourse, f.
Pyrenees, Pyrénées.

question, verb, questionner.
quick, prompt, ~e.
quickly, vite;
- as ____ as, aussi vite que.
quietly, tranquillement.

random: at ____, au hasard; à l'aventure.
rapidly, rapidement.
reality, réalité, f.
receipt, recette, f.
receive, recevoir.
red, rouge.
regret, verb, regretter.
rehearsal, répétition, f.
reply, verb, répondre.
request, verb, prier (de).
return, retourner; rentrer.
rich, riche.
right, droite, f.
river, rivière, f.
road, chemin, m.; route, f.
rôle, rôle, m.
room, chambre, f.
rope, corde, f.

sack coat, veste, f.
sadness, tristesse, f.
said, dit.
same, même.
save, sauver.
saw, vit.
say, dire.
says, dit.
scene, scène, f.
see, voir; apercevoir.
seem, sembler; avoir l'air de.
sell, vendre.
send, envoyer;
- ____ away, renvoyer.
sends, envoie.
serious, sérieu-x, ~se.
servant, domestique, m.
service, service, m.
settle, régler;
- he settles, il règle.
several, plusieurs.
share, partager;
- she shared, elle partageait.
she, elle.
shelter, abri, m.
ship, navire, m.
shoe, soulier m.
shop, boutique, f.
shore, rivage, m.; bord, m.[199]
short, court, ~e.
show, montrer.
sick, malade.
sickly, maladi-f, ~ve.
sleep, coucher.
small, petit, ~e.
smoke, verb, fumer.
snow, neige, f.
so, si.
some, du, de la, de l', des; quelque.
something, quelque chose.
so much, tant (de).
son, fils, m.
soon, bientôt.
south, midi, m.
speak, parler.
spectator, spectateur, m.
spend, passer; dépenser.
spite: in ____ of, malgré.
square, place, f.
stable, étable, f.
station, gare, f.
stay, rester.
steal, voler.
still, encore.
stocking, bas, m.
stock of plays, répertoire, m.
story, histoire, f.
stupid, stupide.
stupidity, stupidité, f.
strange, bizarre; étrange.
strike, frapper.
success, succès, m.
suddenly, tout à coup.
superb, superbe.
superior, supérieur, ~e.
supper, souper, m.
sure, sûr, ~e.
surprise, surprise, f.
sweet, doux, douce.
Switzerland, Suisse, f.

table, table, f.
take, prendre;
- ____ care, prendre soin.
talk, causer.
tell, raconter; dire.
tells, dit (à).
ten, dix.
tender, tendre.
tenderly, tendrement.
terrible, terrible.
than, que; de.
thank, remercier.
that, adj., ce, cet, cette.
that, pron., celui, celle.
that, conj., que (qu').
the, le, la (l'), les.
their, leur, leurs.
them, les, leur;
- of ____, en.
then, alors; puis.
there, y, là;
- ____ is or are, il y a;
- ____ was or were, il y avait;
- down ____, là-bas;
- from ____, en.
these, adj., ces.
they, ils, elles; eux; on.
thing, chose, f.
think, penser.
this, adj., ce, cet, cette;
- ____ is, voici.
those, adj., ces.
those, pron., ceux, celles.
three, trois.
through, à travers.
tie, verb, attacher.
time, temps, m.; heure, f.; fois. f.;
- a long ____, longtemps;
- from ____ to ____, de temps en temps.
tired, fatigué, ~e.
title, titre, m.
to, à; pour.
told, dit (de).[200]
too, aussi.
took, prit;
- ____ care, a pris soin.
towards, vers.
train, train, m.
travel, verb, voyager.
tree, arbre, m.
troupe, troupe, f.
two, deux.

under, sous.
unfortunate, malheureu-x, ~se.
unhappy, malheureu-x, ~se.
us, nous.

valley, vallée, f.
variety, variété, f.
vegetable, légume, m.
very, très; bien.
vest, gilet, m.
villa, villa, f.
village, village, m.
violin, violon, m.
visit, verb, visiter.
voice, voix, f.

wait for, attendre.
walk, marcher.
waltz, valse, f.
wandering, errant, ~e.
warm, chaud, ~e.
watch, montre, f.
way, route, f.;
- on the ____, en route.
we, nous.
weak, faible.
wear, porter.
weather, temps, m.
wedding, noce, f.
week, semaine, f.
well, bien.
went, alla; allèrent.
what, adj., quel, ~le.
what, pron., que; qu'est-ce qui (que).
when, quand.
where, où.
which, qui, que (qu').
white, blanc, blanche.
who, qui.
whom, rel., que; inter., qui.
why, pourquoi.
will you? voulez-vous?
window, fenêtre, f.
winter, hiver, m.
wish, verb, désirer.
with, avec.
without, sans.
wolf, loup, m.
woman, femme, f.
woodcutter, bûcheron, m.
wooden shoe, sabot, m.
work, noun, ouvrage, m.
work, verb, travailler.
world, monde, m.
worn out, épuisé, ~e.
worse, pire.
worst: the ____, le pire.
wrap, envelopper.

year, an, m.
yes, oui.
yesterday, hier.
you, vous.
young, jeune.
your, votre, vos.
yours, le vôtre, la vôtre, les vôtres.

FOOTNOTE:

1 Translate speak, let us speak, speak; finish, let us finish, finish, etc.

Prononciation		9
Première Leçon.	Être—Indicatif Présent	17
Deuxième Leçon.	Forme Négative	18
Troisième Leçon.	Avoir—Indicatif Présent	20
Quatrième Leçon.	Article Défini. Article Indéfini	21
Cinquième Leçon.	Pluriel des Noms	23
Sixième Leçon.	Pluriel des Adjectifs. Féminin des Adjectifs. Accord de l'Adjectif	24
Septième Leçon.	Parler—Indicatif Présent	26
Huitième Leçon.	Lecture	28
Neuvième Leçon.	Pronoms: il, elle, ils, elles	30
Dixième Leçon.	Revue	31
Onzième Leçon.	Articles Composés	32
Douzième Leçon.	Être, Avoir—Forme Interrogative	34
Treizième Leçon.	Parler—Forme Interrogative	36
Leçon Supplémentaire.	Phrases Interrogatives	39
Quatorzième Leçon.	Position des Adjectifs	40
Quinzième Leçon.	Adjectifs Démonstratifs	41
Seizième Leçon.	Parler, Être, Avoir—Imparfait de l'Indicatif	44
Dix-septième Leçon.	Lecture	46
Dix-huitième Leçon.	Parler, Être, Avoir—Passé Indéfini; Participe Passé; Participe Présent	48
Dix-neuvième Leçon.	Adjectifs Possessifs	50
Vingtième Leçon.	Revue	53
Vingt et unième Leçon.	Possession	54
Vingt-deuxième Leçon.	Lecture	55
Vingt-troisième Leçon.	Parler, Être, Avoir—Passé Défini	58
Vingt-quatrième Leçon.	Pronoms Relatifs; qui, que	61
Vingt-cinquième Leçon.	Parler, Être, Avoir—Futur	63
Vingt-sixième Leçon.	Article Partitif	66
Vingt-septième Leçon.	Lecture	68
Vingt-huitième Leçon.	De remplaçant du, de la, de l', des	70
Vingt-neuvième Leçon.	Finir, Apercevoir, Rendre—Indicatif Présent; Participe Présent	73
Trentième Leçon.	Revue	76[8]
Trente et unième Leçon.	Pluriel des Noms (suite)	77
Trente-deuxième Leçon.	Lecture	79
Trente-troisième Leçon.	Féminin des Adjectifs (suite)	82
Trente-quatrième Leçon.	Adjectifs Irréguliers	84
Trente-cinquième Leçon.	Finir, Apercevoir, Rendre—Imparfait	87
Trente-sixième Leçon.	Degrés de Comparaison	90
Trente-septième Leçon.	Lecture	93
Trente-huitième Leçon.	Degrés de Comparaison (bon, mauvais, bien, mal)	95
Trente-neuvième Leçon.	Finir, Apercevoir, Rendre—Passé Indéfini; Participe Passé	98
Quarantième Leçon.	Revue	101
Quarante et unième Leçon.	Finir, Apercevoir, Rendre—Passé Défini	102
Quarante-deuxième Leçon.	Adverbes de Quantité	105
Quarante-troisième Leçon.	Finir, Apercevoir, Rendre—Futur	107
Quarante-quatrième Leçon.	Auxiliaires	110
Quarante-cinquième Leçon.	Impératif	113
Quarante-sixième Leçon.	Lecture	116
Quarante-septième Leçon.	Pronoms Possessifs	117
Quarante-huitième Leçon.	Pronoms Personnels (Complément direct)	120
Quarante-neuvième Leçon.	Pronoms Personnels (Complément indirect)	123
Cinquantième Leçon.	Revue	125
Cinquante et unième Leçon.	Pronoms Personnels (Sujet et complément d'une préposition)	126
Cinquante-deuxième Leçon.	Pronoms Interrogatifs. Adjectif Interrogatif	130
Cinquante-troisième Leçon.	Pronoms Démonstratifs	133
Cinquante-quatrième Leçon.	Y et En	135
Cinquante-cinquième Leçon.	Lecture	138
Cinquante-sixième Leçon.	Conditionnel Présent	140
Cinquante-septième Leçon.	Phrase Conditionnelle	143
Cinquante-huitième Leçon.	En, À, Dans	145
Cinquante-neuvième Leçon.	Emploi Particulier de l'Article	148
Soixantième Leçon.	Revue	151
Appendice.	Adjectifs Numéraux, Jours, Mois. Modèles de Conjugaison des Verbes	153
Vocabulaire.	Français-Anglais	163
Vocabulaire.	Anglais-Français	193

The comma	(,)	la virgule.
The semicolon	(;)	le point et virgule.
The colon	(:)	les deux points.
The period	(.)	le point.
The question mark	(?)	le point d'interrogation.
The exclamation point	(!)	le point d'exclamation.
Quotation marks	("")	les guillemets.
Parenthesis	( )	la parenthèse.

parlé-je anglais?	ne parlé-je pas anglais?
do I speak English? etc.	do I not speak English? etc.
parles-tu anglais?	ne parles-tu pas anglais?
parle-t-il anglais?	ne parle-t-il pas anglais?
parle-t-elle anglais?	ne parle-t-elle pas anglais?
parlons-nous anglais?	ne parlons-nous pas anglais?
parlez-vous anglais?	ne parlez-vous pas anglais?
parlent-ils anglais?	ne parlent-ils pas anglais?
parlent-elles anglais?	ne parlent-elles pas anglais?

Singulier	{	je parlais français tu parlais français il parlait français	{	I was speaking French, I used to speak French
Pluriel	{	nous parlions français vous parliez français ils parlaient français	{	we were speaking French, we used to speak French

Singulier	{	j'ai parlé français tu as parlé français il a parlé français	{	I spoke French, I have spoken French
Pluriel	{	nous avons parlé français vous avez parlé français ils ont parlé français	{	we spoke French, we have spoken French

I.	A study of words.
II.	Reading (a chapter of the story).
III.	Conversation.
IV.	Grammar.
V.	Composition (based on the Reading).

Singulier	{	je parlai français, I spoke French tu parlas français il parla français
Pluriel	{	nous parlâmes français, we spoke French vous parlâtes français ils parlèrent français

Singulier	{	je parlerai français, I shall speak French tu parleras français il parlera français
Pluriel	{	nous parlerons français, we shall speak French vous parlerez français ils parleront français

Finir, to finish	Apercevoir, to perceive
je finis le morceau, I finish the piece tu finis il finit	j'aperçois le village, I perceive the village tu aperçois il aperçoit
nous finissons vous finissez ils finissent	nous apercevons vous apercevez ils aperçoivent
Rendre, to return
je rends l'argent, I return the money tu rends il rend
nous rendons vous rendez ils rendent

Masculin	Féminin
doux frais blanc long sec complet beau, bel vieux, vieil franc favori	douce, sweet fraîche, fresh blanche, white longue, long sèche, dry complète, complete belle, beautiful vieille, old franche, frank favorite, favorite

Finir, to finish	Apercevoir, to perceive
j'ai fini le morceau, I have finished the piece tu as fini il a fini	j'ai aperçu le village, I have perceived the village tu as aperçu il a aperçu
nous avons fini vous avez fini ils ont fini	nous avons aperçu vous avez aperçu ils ont aperçu
Rendre, to return
j'ai rendu l'argent, I have returned the money tu as rendu il a rendu
nous avons rendu vous avez rendu ils ont rendu

Finir, to finish	Apercevoir, to perceive
je finis le morceau, I have finished the piece tu finis il finit	j'aperçus le village, I perceived the village tu aperçus il aperçut
nous finîmes vous finîtes ils finirent	nous aperçûmes vous aperçûtes ils aperçurent
Rendre, to return
je rendis l'argent, I returned the money tu rendis il rendit
nous rendîmes vous rendîtes ils rendirent

Infinitif	Participe passé
aller, to go venir, to come arriver, to arrive naître, to be born mourir, to die sortir, to go out partir, to go away entrer, to enter tomber, to fall	allé venu arrivé né mort sorti parti entré tombé

{	je suis allé je suis allée	{	nous sommes allés nous sommes allées
{	tu es allé tu es allée	{	vous êtes allés vous êtes allées
{	il est allé elle est allée	{	ils sont allés elles sont allées

Parler	Finir
parle, speak parlons, let us speak parlez, speak	finis, finish finissons, let us finish finissez, finish
Apercevoir	Rendre
aperçois, perceive apercevons, let us perceive apercevez, perceive	rends, return rendons, let us return rendez, return

(Complément direct)
Singulier	Pluriel
me, m', me te, t', thee, you le, l', him, it la, l', her, it	nous, us vous, you les, them

(Complément indirect)
Singulier	Pluriel
me, m', to me te, t', to thee, to you lui, to him, to it lui, to her, to it	nous, to us vous, to you leur, to them

	Personne	Chose
Sujet	qui, who	qu'est-ce qui, what
Complément direct	qui, whom	que, what

Singulier		Pluriel
Masc.	Fém.	Masc.	Fém.
quel, what	quelle, what	quels, what	quelles, what

Être	Avoir
je serais, I should be tu serais il serait	j'aurais, I should have tu aurais il aurait
nous serions vous seriez ils seraient	nous aurions vous auriez ils auraient

Parler	Finir
I should speak French, etc.	I should finish the piece, etc.
je parlerais français tu parlerais il parlerait	je finirais le morceau tu finirais il finirait
nous parlerions vous parleriez ils parleraient	nous finirions vous finiriez ils finiraient

Apercevoir	Rendre
I should perceive the village, etc.	I should return the money, etc.
j'apercevrais le village tu apercevrais il apercevrait	je rendrais l'argent tu rendrais il rendrait
nous apercevrions vous apercevriez ils apercevraient	nous rendrions vous rendriez ils rendraient

Infinitif
être, to be	avoir, to have
Participe présent
étant, being	ayant, having
Participe passé
été, been	eu, had
Indicatif présent
je suis, I am tu es, thou art il est, he is elle est, she is	j'ai, I have tu as, thou hast il a, he has elle a, she has
nous sommes, we are vous êtes, you are ils sont, they are elles sont, they are	nous avons, we have vous avez, you have ils ont, they have elles ont, they have
Imparfait
[155] j'étais, I was, I used to be tu étais, thou wast il était, he was elle était, she was	j'avais, I had, I used to have tu avais, thou hadst il avait, he had elle avait, she had
nous étions, we were vous étiez, you were ils étaient, they were elles étaient, they were	nous avions, we had vous aviez, you had ils avaient, they had elles avaient, they had
Passé défini
je fus, I was tu fus, thou wast il fut, he was elle fut, she was	j'eus, I had tu eus, thou hadst il eut, he had elle eut, she had
nous fûmes, we were vous fûtes, you were ils furent, they were elles furent, they were	nous eûmes, we had vous eûtes, you had ils eurent, they had elles eurent, they had
Passé indéfini
j'ai été, I have been, I was tu as été, thou hast been il a été, he has been elle a été, she has been	j'ai eu, I have had, I had tu as eu, thou hast had il a eu, he has had elle a eu, she has had
nous avons été, we have been vous avez été, you have been ils ont été, they have been elles ont été, they have been	nous avons eu, we have had vous avez eu, you have had ils ont eu, they have had elles ont eu, they have had
Futur
je serai, I shall be tu seras, thou wilt be il sera, he will be elle sera, she will be [156]	j'aurai, I shall have tu auras, thou wilt have il aura, he will have elle aura, she will have
nous serons, we shall be vous serez, you will be ils seront, they will be elles seront, they will be	nous aurons, we shall have vous aurez, you will have ils auront, they will have elles auront, they will have
Conditionnel présent
je serais, I should be tu serais, thou wouldst be il serait, he would be elle serait, she would be	j'aurais, I should have tu aurais, thou wouldst have il aurait, he would have elle aurait, she would have
nous serions, we should be vous seriez, you would be ils seraient, they would be elles seraient, they would be	nous aurions, we should have vous auriez, you would have ils auraient, they would have elles auraient, they would have
Impératif
sois, be soyons, let us be soyez, be	aie, have ayons, let us have ayez, have

1ère Conjugaison	2ième Conjugaison	3ième Conjugaison	4ième Conjugaison
Infinitif
parler, to speak	finir, to finish	apercevoir, to perceive	rendre, to render
Participe présent
parlant, speaking	finissant, finishing	apercevant, perceiving	rendant, rendering
Participe passé
parlé, spoken	fini, finished	aperçu, perceived	rendu, rendered[157]
Indicatif présent
I speak, I am speaking, I do speak	I finish, I am finishing, I do finish	I perceive, I am perceiving, I do perceive	I render, I am rendering, I do render
je parle tu parles il parle elle parle	je finis tu finis il finit elle finit	j'aperçois tu aperçois il aperçoit elle aperçoit	je rends tu rends il rend elle rend
nous parlons vous parlez ils parlent elles parlent	nous finissons vous finissez ils finissent elles finissent	nous apercevons vous apercevez ils aperçoivent elles aperçoivent	nous rendons vous rendez ils rendent elles rendent
Imparfait
I spoke, I used to speak, I was speaking	I finished, I used to finish, I was finishing	I perceived, I used to perceive, I was perceiving	I rendered, I used to render, I was rendering
je parlais tu parlais il parlait elle parlait	je finissais tu finissais il finissait elle finissait	j'apercevais tu apercevais il apercevait elle apercevait	je rendais tu rendais il rendait elle rendait
nous parlions vous parliez ils parlaient elles parlaient	nous finissions vous finissiez ils finissaient elles finissaient	nous apercevions vous aperceviez ils apercevaient elles apercevaient	nous rendions vous rendiez ils rendaient elles rendaient
Passé défini
I spoke, I did speak	I finished, I did finish	I perceived, I did perceive	I rendered, I did render
je parlai tu parlas il parla elle parla	je finis tu finis il finit elle finit	j'aperçus tu aperçus il aperçut elle aperçut	je rendis tu rendis il rendit elle rendit
nous parlâmes vous parlâtes ils parlèrent elles parlèrent	nous finîmes vous finîtes ils finirent elles finirent	nous aperçûmes vous aperçûtes ils aperçurent elles aperçurent	nous rendîmes vous rendîtes ils rendirent elles rendirent
Passé indéfini
I have spoken, I spoke	I have finished, I finished	I have perceived, I perceived	I have rendered, I rendered
[158] j'ai parlé tu as parlé il a parlé elle a parlé	j'ai fini tu as fini il a fini elle a fini	j'ai aperçu tu as aperçu il a aperçu elle a aperçu	j'ai rendu tu as rendu il a rendu elle a rendu
nous avons parlé vous avez parlé ils ont parlé elles ont parlé	nous avons fini vous avez fini ils ont fini elles ont fini	nous avons aperçu vous avez aperçu ils ont aperçu elles ont aperçu	nous avons rendu vous avez rendu ils ont rendu elles ont rendu
Futur
I shall speak	I shall finish	I shall perceive	I shall render
je parlerai tu parleras il parlera elle parlera	je finirai tu finiras il finira elle finira	j'apercevrai tu apercevras il apercevra elle apercevra	je rendrai tu rendras il rendra elle rendra
nous parlerons vous parlerez ils parleront elles parleront	nous finirons vous finirez ils finiront elles finiront	nous apercevrons vous apercevrez ils apercevront elles apercevront	nous rendrons vous rendrez ils rendront elles rendront
Conditionnel présent
I should speak	I should finish	I should perceive	I should render
je parlerais tu parlerais il parlerait elle parlerait	je finirais tu finirais il finirait elle finirait	j'apercevrais tu apercevrais il apercevrait elle apercevrait	je rendrais tu rendrais il rendrait elle rendrait
nous parlerions vous parleriez ils parleraient elles parleraient	nous finirions vous finiriez ils finiraient elles finiraient	nous apercevrions vous apercevriez ils apercevraient elles apercevraient	nous rendrions vous rendriez ils rendraient elles rendraient
Impératif1
[159] parle parlons parlez	finis finissons finissez	aperçois apercevons apercevez	rends rendons rendez

Transcription Notes

LE PREMIER LIVRE

INTRODUCTORY WORD

TABLE DES MATIÈRES

PRONUNCIATION

Alphabet

Orthographic Signs

Syllables

Stress

Simple Vowel Sounds

Nasal Sounds

Compound Vowel Sounds

Consonant Sounds

Elision

Liaison

Punctuation Marks

PREMIÈRE LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. Remi

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

DEUXIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. Mère Barberin

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

TROISIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. La maison

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

QUATRIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. La Famille

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

CINQUIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. La mauvaise nouvelle

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

SIXIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. La misère

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

SEPTIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. Jérôme Barberin

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

HUITIÈME LEÇON

LECTURE

I. Étude de mots

II. Au café

NEUVIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. Vitalis

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

DIXIÈME LEÇON

REVUE

I. Grammaire

II. Exercices

ONZIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots

II. La troupe

III. Conversation

IV. Grammaire

V. Thème

DOUZIÈME LEÇON

I. Étude de mots